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Willus.com's Brief History of the Desktop PC back to 1970 |
| This history is a compilation that I have been keeping purely out of my own interest, so the content naturally reflects my personal bias. It is not meant to be comprehensive or all-encompassing, but if you have corrections or useful additions, please send me an e-mail. |
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Endian.net--Another good roadmap/chip info site. Intel's hall of fame Intel's quick reference guide: By year, By family. Intel CPU Reference; Intel CPU Model Numbers; Intel CPU pricing; AMD CPU Pricing; AMD Opterons; AMD Desktop Chips; Google Zeitgeist |
Aug 2: Samsung announces a 3-platter 2 TB 3.5" HDD. That means each platter holds 667 GB. June 29: Seagate announces a 3 TB drive with 5 platters and 600 GB/platter. Jul 1: USB 3.0 HDD docks are becoming more common. Mar 30: WD announces a 750 GB 2.5" HDD for mobile computers. It has 2 platters at 375 GB/platter and presumably a density around ~540 Gb/sq.in. 640 GB 3.5" drive platters are also expected soon. Mar 29: Not to be outdone by Intel and IBM, AMD has released its 12-core Opterons, the Magny-Cours, or Opteron 61xx family. They have a 346-sqmm die and 1.8 billion transistors with 12 MB L3 cache. The high-end 6176 SE runs at 2.3 GHz and has an ACP of 105 W. The ACP goes down to 65 W for the 6164 HE at 1.7 GHz. Mar 16: Intel answers "big iron day" in x64 space with a 6-core 32-nm process Xeon, topping out with the W5680 at 3.3 GHz, 12 MB cache, 3200 MHz QPI bus speed (supporting DDR-3 1333 memory) and 130 W TDP. Or you can have 4 cores at 3.46 GHz with the X5677. The 6-core CPU has 1.17 billion transistors in a die size of 240 sq.mm. Feb 8: A big day for big iron as Intel and IBM duke it out. IBM releases their POWER7 processor at up to 4.14 GHz with 8 cores (4 threads/core), 32 MB shared eDRAM L-3 cache, 567 sqmm, 1.2 billion transistors, 45 nm process, and dual 4-channel DDR3 memory controllers supporting up to 100 GB/s. Meanwhile, Intel releases the Itanium 9300 (hardware info article) at up to 1.73 GHz with 4 cores (2 threads/core), 24 MB cache (6 MB per core), 700 sqmm, 2 billion transistors, 65 nm process, and dual integrated DDR3 memory controllers supporting up to 34 GB/s. It will be interesting to compare these to Intel's 8-core Nehalem, expected to be released this quarter also. Jan 7: Intel releases Clarkdale Core i5 and Core i3 CPUs, the first to be manufactured on a 32 nm process and with an integrated GPU (on a 45 nm process). Anandtech and TR have reviews. The Core i5-6xx's have a turbo mode, higher clock rates, and higher prices. The i5-670 tops out at 3.46 GHz with 3.76 GHz in turbo mode. The Core i3-5xx's are priced lower, run at lower clocks (up to 3.06 GHz), and do not have a turbo mode. All CPUs have 2 cores/4 threads, and 73 W TDP (except for the i5-661 which has a slightly faster graphics core that bumps the TDP to 87 W). They all have 4 MB L-3 cache and use DDR3-1333 dual-channel memory. The die size/transistor counts for the CPU and GPU are 81 sqmm/383 million and 114 sqmm/177 million, respectively. 2010 YEAR START PROCESSORS: 2009 was not a very exciting year for cpus. Intel ended the year on the same process they began the year on--the core-i7 at 45 nm, though, in fairness, they are releasing a 32 nm chip (Clarkdale core-i5--originally Westmere) on January 7, 2010. In 2009, Intel released mainstream (core-i5/LGA1156 socket) versions of Nehalem, as well as notebook versions, and pushed the speed to 3.6 GHz in their new turbo-boost mode. The core-i5 uses dual-channel rather than triple-channel DDR-3 memory. AMD pushed their 4-core Phenom X4 to 3.4 GHz (45 nm). Intel pushed the Nehalem architecture to their Xeon chips early in 2009 with their 4-core/8-thread W5500/W3500 chips which reach 3.33 GHz. Both companies have 6-core server processors that top out close at 2.66 (Intel, one thread per core) and 2.8 (AMD) GHz. AMD has a 4-core Opteron (2393/8393SE) which goes to 3.1 GHz. Intel price list, November 2009 AMD Pricing: Opteron | Phenom AMD CPU Speeds/TDP: Opteron 4-core | Opteron 6-core Apple has pushed the iMac to a 27-inch display and now offers it with a core i5 processor (quad core). The Mac Pro can be purchased with dual Nehalem-based quad-core Xeons for 8 total cores and 16 threads. Apple ends the year on O/S X Snow Leopard. MEMORY: The memory prices I listed in 2009 were not correct. I listed 8 GB for $80, which is a great price no matter how you cut it, but that most certainly wasn't for a single stick of DDR2 since pricewatch.com doesn't do a good job of verifying that their "single piece" memory is actually not a kit of two or more. This year 4 GB DDR2 and DDR3 sticks are available for $200-$400, and yes, actual 8 GB single modules are available, typically for around $500 or more. 2 GB DDR3 sticks are the sweet spot and tend to be around $50/each. Flash memory USB drives up to 128 GB (for ~$400). 64 GB sticks are ~$200. SDHC and Compact Flash have 32 GB cards typically for under $100. You can get a 64 GB Compact Flash from SanDisk, but you'll have to plunk down over $600 for it. Still haven't seen any SDXC cards. Pricewatch 2009 year-end system memory list. Pricewatch 2009 year-end flash memory list. DISPLAYS: LCD monitors continued to drop in price, but not by much. Pricewatch Monitor list. Dell's 20" 1600x1200 2007WFP $369 ($70 less) 24" 1920x1200 U2410 $600 ($90 less) 30" 2560x1600 3007WFP LCD display: $1400 (same) 30" 2560x1600 3008WFP LCD display: $1459 ($540 less) (Other prices from shopper.com.) 17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $99. Average ~$150. 20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $80(!). Average ~$350 23-24" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $180. Average ~$350 CRT's are on the way out. Shopper.com doesn't even list them, and pricegrabber.com only had about 20. 17" CRT for $50. STORAGE: Pricewatch HD list. Pricewatch optical drive list. SATA-2 is the dominant type, with 6 Gbps SATA-3 controllers now starting to appear on motherboards. 2 TB drives were introduced early this year and can now be had for less than $200, pushing 1 TB drives into the sweet spot in terms of dollars per GB. Toshiba's 512 GB SSD drive never materialized, but OCZ did bring out a 500 GB SATA SSD drive if you have $1600 to spare. Intel drives, which are the cream of the crop in terms of overall performance, go for ~$550 for 160 GB (MLC). SLC drives are still outrageously expensive at about $11/GB, but the performance is top notch. Latest 2 TB WD RE4-GP drive typically goes for $300. CDRW and DVD's about the same as last year. Blu-Ray readers down to $60 (was $100), writers down to $160 (was $250). O/S: e-janco.com browser numbers: Browser Aug 2009 Aug 2008 Change -------------------------------------------------- IE 67.98% 69.61% -1.63% Firefox 19.22% 18.79% +0.43% Google 3.73% 4.05% -0.33% Mozilla 2.10% 3.83% -1.73% Opera 1.10% 0.43% +0.68% Netscape 0.87% 0.46% +0.41% Safari 0.60% 0.44% +0.16% Windows 7 released 10-22-09 with many positive reviews. Microsoft promised not to break anything in Vista with the upgrade. Windows Vista on SP 2 + Platform update Windows XP on Service Pack 3. Mac OS X on 10.6 (Snow Leopard). Ubuntu at v9.10 (Karmic Koala). Redhat/CentOS are on Enterprise Linux 5.4/4.8. Linux Kernel at 2.6.32 and 2.4.37 (no change to 2.4 in last year). LANGUAGES From tiobe.com, Java 17.1%; C 16.3%; PHP 9.8%; C++ 9.2%; VBasic 7.8%; C# 6.3%; Python 5.2%; JavaScript 3.5%; Perl 2.7%; Ruby 2.7%; Delphi 2.3%; PL/SQL 1.1%; Obj-C 1.2%; SAS 0.9%; Lisp 0.9%; ABAP 0.7%; Pascal 0.7%; ActionScript 0.7%; D 0.6%; Lua 0.6% USB-2 (40 MB/sec) and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec) still mainstream. USB-3 just appearing on some motherboards (more due with Clarkdale intro) and in some devices (e.g. USB-3 flash memory drives). Digicams: HD video more common. Panasonic has a 12X zoom camera which zooms and autofocuses while shooting 720p video and storing in AVCHD format. |
Dec 21: Intel releases Pine Tail/Pineview, the next generation of Atom CPUs with integrated DDR2 memory controller and graphics. The N450 (5.5 W TDP) and D410 (10 W TDP) are single-core, and the D510 (13 W TDP) is a dual core. All chips are 1.66 GHz and built on a 45 nm process. They perform about like a high-end CPU from 2004. Nov 5: Toshiba claims 516 Gb/sq.in for its latest 1.8" HD. For comparison, the first WD 2 TB drives were 400 Gb/sq.in. Nov 3: The Phenom II X4 965 has been revised. The TDP has been reduced from 140 W to 125 W. See a chip TDP comparison here. Oct 28: USB 3.0 motherboards, after a false start in July, finally appear to have arrived from Gigabyte and ASUS. And how about a USB 3.0 RAID flash drive to go with that motherboard? Oct 22: Microsoft releases Windows 7, the successor to Vista which has received many positive reviews. Oct 6: Clarksfield, the notebook version of Lynnfield, is released. Model names are Core i7-720QM, 820QM, and 920XM with 1.6, 1.73, and 2.0 GHz and 45, 45, and 55 W TDP, respectively. All of the processors have 4 cores, 8 threads, 8 MB L3 Cache, 774 million transistors, a 296-sqmm die, 45 nm fab in a 988-pin PGA988A package. Memory is dual-channel DDR3-1333. The CPUs can vary their clock speed widely depending on thermal load and how many cores are in use. The top-end 920XM, for example, can range from 1.2 GHz all the way to 3.2 GHz. Sep 8: Intel releases mainstream Nehalem chips. These chips use the new LGA-1156 socket/P55 chipset with dual channel DDR3-1333 memory (rather than triple channel, like the Core i7). 4-cores, turbo-boost, but no hyperthreading (Core i5). 8 MB L-3 shared cache per core, 256 KB L-2 cache per core, 32 KB instruction/32 KB data L-1 cache per core. Core-i5 has 774 million transistors packed into 296 square mm (versus 731 million in 263 millimeters for the first Core i7s). Initial speed/pricepoint is 2.66 GHz for the Core i5-750 at Intel also released two Core i7's for the LGA-1156 socket, the Core i7-870 (2.93 GHz) and Core i7-860 (2.8 GHz). The i7's have hyperthreading enabled. The i5 and i7's have turboboost up to 3.2 GHz, 3.46 GHz, and 3.6 GHz for single core performance. Prices are approximately $200 (i5) to $300 (i7). Aug 13: AMD's Phenom II X4 965 "Black Edition" pushes their top clock speed to 3.4 GHz (140 W TDP, though!). Apr 23: The AMD Phenom II X4 955 has pushed AMD's 4-core speeds to 3.2 GHz. June 1: AMD releases Instabul 6-core Opterons. Model numbers are 24XX and 84XX. The 2427, 2431, and 2435 run at 2.2, 2.4, and 2.6 GHz, respectively, with 75 W power envelopes. It has 904 million transistors in 346 sqmm on a 45-nm SOI process. The hypertransport clock is at 2.4 GHz, typically used with registered DDR2-800 memory. Apr 20: Western digital releases a 2 TB Enterprise HD. Similar specs to the desktop version, but with a 5-year warranty and a 1.2 million hour MTBF. Mar 30: Intel announces Nehalem/Core-i7-based Xeon 5500/3500 series. Key features are up to 4-cores, 3.2 GHz/1333 MHz bus, 3-channel memory, 130 W TDP, 8 MB cache (W5580 for 2-socket systems and W3570 for 1-socket systems are the top-end performers). Mar 1: IDC and Gartner post server sales for Q4 2008 and 2008. Figures are from IDC unless otherwise mentioned. Q42008: $13.5B in server sales (Gartner=$13.1B) Windows=$4.8B, Unix=$4.9B, Linux=$1.8B, Other=$2.0B IBM=$4.9B, HP=$3.9B, Dell=$1.4B, Sun=$1.3B, Fujitsu=$0.6B x64=$6.5B (1.8M units) Gartner: x64=$6.7B (2.0M units) RISC/Itanium=$3.8B (89K units) IBMUnix=$1.4B, HPUnix=$1.1B, SunUnix=$1.1B HPx64 = $2.5B (672K units), Dellx64=$1.4B (464K units) IBMx64=$1.05B (256K units) All of 2008: Tot=$53.3B (8.1M units), x64=$27.8B (7.7M units) IBM=$17B, HP=$15.7B, Dell=$6.2B, Sun=$5.4B, Fujitsu=$2.6B Feb 8: AMD launches Phenom II X3 and X4 CPUs w/DDR3 support. 45 nm DSL SOI fab, 758 million transistors, 258 sq.mm die, 3 (X3) or 4 (X4) cores. Supports DDR3 1333 MHz memory. 95 W TDP, 2.5-2.8 GHz clock speeds, 512KB L2 Cache per core, 4-6 MB L3 Cache. Feb 2: Seagate follows suit with a 2 TB Enterprise HD announcement, though the drive won't ship until Q3. Jan 27: Western Digital announces a 2 TB HD (4 platters at 500 GB/platter and 400 Gb/sq.in.) It will start in the Green family. Here is the EE Times article. In stock at newegg.com for $300 as of 1/30/09. Jan 7: The SD Association announces the SDXC card format, capable of 2 TB storage and with a top theoretical speed of 300 MB/sec. 2009 YEAR START PROCESSORS: 2008 saw the release of Intel's newly named core-i7 (was Nehalem) at 45 nm with built-in DDR3 memory controller. Speeds presently go up to 3.2 GHz with a 1066 MHz bus. The core-i7 chip shows anywhere from 5% to 50% improvement over a Core-2 CPU with the same clock speed. AMD, meanwhile, steadily increased the clock speed on its Phenom processor line (now Phenom II on the 45 nm process) to 3 GHz by the end of 2008. Intel also released the first 6-core Xeons in 2008. Intel price list, December 2008 AMD price list, December 2008 Apple is pushing its Macbooks hard, delivering an ultraslim version and an environmentally conscious version. The Macbook Pro continues to offer a high-end version with dual 3.2 GHz "Harpertown" Xeons. iMacs come in 20" and 24" screen flavors with up to 3.06 GHz Core-2 CPUs. Apple ends the year still on O/S X Leopard. MEMORY: Memory prices are insane. DDR-2 comes in sticks up to 8 GB for as low as $80. Sticks of 2 GB can be found for as low as $15. DDR-3 has entered the fray but is quite a bit more expensive than DDR-2. Flash memory USB drives up to 64 GB, CF up to 32 GB (low as $80), and SDHC up to 32 GB ($75 - $150 at NewEgg.com). Here is the pricewatch 2008 year-end system memory list. Here is the pricewatch 2008 year-end flash memory list. DISPLAYS: LCD monitors continued to drop in price, but not by much. Dell's 20" 1600x1200 2007WFP $439 (slight increase over last year) 24" 1920x1200 2408WFP $689 (about the same as last year) 30" 2560x1600 3007WFP LCD display: $1400 (same as last year) 30" 2560x1600 3008WFP LCD display: $2000 (same) (Other prices from pricegrabber.com.) 17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $105. Average ~$200 20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $150. Average ~$350 23-24" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $250. Average ~$400 19" CRT low as $75 - $225. Only three available on pricegrabber.com. STORAGE: Pricewatch HD list. Pricewatch optical drive list. SATA-II the dominant type. 500 GB drives down to $50, and 1 TB drives have come down under $100. 1 TB drives are down to 3 platters. Seagate has a 1.5 TB drive out (375 GB per platter x 4 platters). Toshiba has announced SSD drives up to 512 GB (for early 2009; no price yet). Latest 1 TB WD GP RE-2 drive at NewEgg is $200 (3 platters). CDRW and DVD's about the same as last year. Blu-Ray now the only choice for hi-def DVD (beat out HD-DVD). Blu-Ray readers down to $100, writers down to $250-$300. O/S: e-janco.com browser numbers: Browser Nov 2008 Nov 2007 Change -------------------------------------------------- IE 73.01% 71.92% +1.09% Firefox 16.70% 18.97% -2.27% Google 3.11% 2.92% +0.19% Mozilla 2.34% 1.16% +1.18% Opera 0.60% 0.49% +0.11% Netscape 0.55% 1.69% -1.14% Safari 0.48% 0.64% -0.16% Windows Vista (released 1-31-07) up to 17.3% market penetration (was 8% at end of 2007). Windows XP on Service Pack 3. Apple OS X on 10.5 (Leopard). Ubuntu at v8.10. Redhat/CentOS are on Enterprise Linux 5.2/4.7. Linux Kernel at 2.6.28 and 2.4.37. LANGUAGES From tiobe.com, Java 19.4%; C 16.2%; C++ 10.9%; PHP 9.5%; VBasic 9.5%; C# 4.6%; Python 4.6%; Perl 3.6%; JavaScript 3.2%; Delphi 3.1%; Ruby 2.3%; D 1.2%; PL/SQL 1.1% USB-2 (40 MB/sec) and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec) still mainstream. USB-3 specs finalized (~5 Gbps). Products expected late this year (my guess). Digicams: Nikon has introduced a touch-screen digicam, following the i-phone's success. Blackberry copied i-phone's touch screen w/Storm. |
Dec 19: SAP publishes benchmark on the yet-to-be-released Core-i7-based Xeon (the X5570), running at 2.93 GHz with 8 MB L3 cache and 4 cores. It looks very fast. Dec 8: AMD to launch 3 GHz Phenom II (45 nm quad-core). Nov 17: Intel releases the Core i7 (Nehalem) today at 2.66 (Core i7-920) and 2.93 GHz (Core i7-940), and 3.20 GHz (Core i7-965 "extreme"). These are desktop versions with 4 cores, 8 threads, 8 MB L3 Cache, 3 DDR3 memory channels at 1066 MHz, and 731 million transistors over a die size of 263 mm2. This is the 45-nm "tock" in Intel's tick-tock strategy and represents Intel's first chip with an integrated memory controller a la AMD. Here is a a nice summary of reviews. Nov 13: AMD releases Shanghai processors--the 45 nm versions of Barcelona with speeds up to 2.7 GHz (the 2384 and 8384). Shanghai increases the L3 cache from 2 MB to 6 MB, and memory speed from 667 MHz to 800 MHz. TDP 75 W. Faster clockspeeds are expected Q1 2009 (higher dissipation). Sep 14: Intel launches the first 6-core Xeons: The X7460 being the top dog. 2.67 GHz, 16 MB cache, 1066 MHz FSB, 45 nm, 130 W TDP, mui expensive ($3 - $4K). The E7450 and L7455 run at 2.4 and 2.13 GHz and have 90 W and 65 W TDP, respectively. July 27: WD ships 750 GB and 1 TB 2.5" HDDs with 333 GB/platter. (12.5mm high.) July 14: Intel releases Centrino 2, which will give laptops faster, Core 2 processors (up to 3.06 GHz and 44 W TDP with the X9100) with a 1066 MHz FSB, DDR-3 memory, X4500 graphics, and 802.11n wireless. July 10: Hard drive capacity gets a bump: 1.5 TB from Seagate. The drive has four platters, hence 375 GB/platter. The drive is expected to ship in August. July 1: AMD releases the Phenom 9950 at 2.6 GHz and 140 W TDP. March 27: AMD releases new CPUs including the Phenum X4 9750 and 9850 running at 2.4 and 2.5 GHz, respectively. 125 W TDP. The Phenom X4 9100e (e=energy efficient) will run at 1.8 GHz with a 65 W TDP. And Phenom X4 8400 and 8600 (2.1 and 2.3 GHz) will be budget-minded, triple-core procs with 95 W TDP targeted for use with the 780G chipset. All CPUs are 65 nm. Anandtech has a nice table. March 25: Intel releases energy efficiency Xeons, the L5400 series, with quad-cores and running up to 2.5 GHz and 50 W TDP. They are promising a 40 W, 3.0 GHz dual core Xeon for next quarter. March 10: AMD releases 780G Chipset with high performance integrated graphics. March 2: Intel announces the Atom processor, a very low power Core-2 compatible CPU w/47 million transistors, 25 sqmm die, 0.6 - 2.5 W TDP, 45 nm process, and up to 1.8 GHz speed. Feb 22: Western Digital has released 320 GB per platter hard drives. Jan 24: VIA Isaiah details released. Due to ship mid-2008. x86-64, 1333 MHz bus, up to 2 GHz clock, 1 MB L2 cache. Emphasis in design is on conserving power. Jan 14: Infoworld begins a Save Windows XP campaign. Jan 8: Panasonic releases 32 GB SDHC card. Jan 7: Intel releases notebook versions of 45 nm chips. Datasheets; Specs; List (from specs doc) 2008 YEAR START PROCESSORS: During 2007, despite AMD's release of their 65-nm K10 quad-core chips (Barcelona/Phenom), the general feeling is that Intel more than held their ground, particularly with the release of the 45-nm Penryn core, to be followed in 2008 by Nehalem. Based on my own analysis of several benchmarks which were posted on the Tech Report, the 3 GHz quad-core Penryn-based Xeon E5472 w/1600 MHz FSB and 12 MB cache was, on average, 12% faster than the 3 GHz Core-2 Duo Xeon x5365. It was 26% faster than a yet-to-be-released Opteron 2360SE (2.5 GHz quad-core Barcelona). The top-end Xeon is the X5482 at 3.2 GHz, 1600 MHz FSB. Mobile Penryn chips topping out with the dual-core X9000 at 2.8 GHz, 800 MHz FSB, and 6 MB shared L2 cache, are due in January 2008. AMD's top offering from Barcelona/Phenom is 2.3 GHz, while the older Opteron core (1224SE/2224SE/8224SE) is up to 3.2 GHz. The top Turion processor is dual core at 2.4 GHz. The AMD X2 6400+ is at 3.2 GHz (125 W dissipation). Intel price lists: Sept 2007, Nov 2007 AMD price list at beginning of 2008 Apple continues with x86 chips in the Mac architecture and the release of O/S X Leopard. They just introduced an 8-core power Mac (two 4-core Xeons). MEMORY: DDR-2 is now dominant and very inexpensive. DDR-3 just starting to gain some traction. As can be seen in the price list, a 2 GB stick of DDR-2 can be had for as little as $30. Here is the pricewatch 2007 system memory list. Here is the pricewatch 2007 flash memory list. Flash memory continues to grow exponentially in capacity. SDHC cards now offer 16 GB while USB flash drives can be found with 32 GB for $200 (pricegrabber.com). DISPLAYS: LCD monitors continued to drop in price, but not by much. Dell's 20" 1600x1200 2007WFP $422 (5-yr warranty) 24" 1920x1200 2407WFP $700 (5-yr warranty) 30" 2560x1600 3007WFP LCD display: $1400 30" 2560x1600 3008WFP LCD display: $2000 (higher contrast, faster response) (Other prices from pricegrabber.com.) 17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $130. Average ~$200 20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $275. Average ~$450 23" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $350. Average ~$600 19" CRT low as $55. Average ~$150 STORAGE: (Prices from pricegrabber.com.) SATA the dominant type. 400 - 500 GB is sweet spot in price. 750 GB has dropped quite a bit in price with 1 TB drives now out. Hybrid drives have yet to take off, but SSD's are the new thing (all-flash drives in a 3.5 or 2.5" form factor with a SATA interface). Pricing on SSD's is very high, though--much higher than on USB sticks, presumably because the flash memory has to be faster. 64 GB SSD drives are typically > $1000. 80 GB low as $25 200 GB low as $50 500 GB low as $100, WD's top-end RE-2 $130 at newegg.com 750 GB low as $150 1 TB low as $250 (Newegg has WD Caviar GP for $275) CDROMs basically not sold anymore (they're all CDRW). CDRW at 52x/32x/52x for as low as $15. DVD's: +RW at 16x/8x/20x, -RW at 16x/6x/20x, +/-R DL at 16x, ~$40. Dual-Layer same specs as low as $32.a Blu-Ray writers: 2x/2x/2x for $400. 4x/2x/4x for $600. Blu-Ray readers run ~$250 for 5x. No HD-DVD writers on pricegrabber.com yet. LG has HD-DVD and Blu-Ray reader in one drive: $320. O/S: e-janco.com browser numbers: Browser Jan 2008 Jan 2007 Change -------------------------------------------------- IE 66.96% 68.77% -1.18% Firefox 15.87% 14.28% +1.59% Netscape 8.97% 11.89% -2.92% Google Desktop 3.00% 1.47% +1.53% Mozilla 1.34% 0.86% +0.48% Safari 1.18% 1.03% +0.15% Opera 1.16% 0.94% +0.22% Windows Vista released on Jan 31. Acceptance has been "slow" according to e-janco.com, with ~9% of the O/S market share as of the end of 2007. Windows XP still on Service Pack 2, has 75% of the O/S market. Apple OS X 10.5 (Leopard) released this year. Redhat/CentOS are on Enterprise Linux 5.0/4.6. Linux Kernel at 2.6.23 and 2.4.36. LANGUAGES From tiobe.com, Java 20.8%; C 13.9%; VBasic 11.0%; PHP 9.2%; C++ 8.7%; Python 5.5%; Perl 5.2%; C# 4.8%; Delphi 3.3%; JavaScript 3.2% USB-2 (40 MB/sec) and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec) still mainstream. Digicams: 8-10 megapixel cams have 84 reviews at Steve's. 6-7 megapixels cams have over 140 reviews. Panasonic has released a compact HD camcorder, the HDC-SD5BNDL (seriously, could they make the model number any harder to remember?) that takes SDHC cards and writes AVCH at 13 Mbps. |
Dec 18: Stanford breakthrough could mean 10X lithium-ion battery life. Nov 19: AMD releases Phenom, the desktop version of Barcelona (Sep 10). Early reviews are underwhelming. Clock speeds are 2.2 GHz (the Phenom 9500) and 2.3 GHz (Phenom 9600). The Phenom 9700 and 9900 at 2.4 GHz and 2.6 GHz, respectively, are due out Q1 next year. Nov 12: Intel has unveiled its 45-nm "Penryn" chips. Specifications/Pricing are here. Anandtech also has a review from October 23 out. The top-end desktop model is the quad-core QX9650 at 3 GHz, 12 MB L2 cache, 1333 MHz bus speed with a Thermal Design Point (TDP) of 130 W. The top end Xeon is the quad-core X5482 at 3.2 GHz, 12 MB L2, 1600 MHz bus speed, and 150 W TDP. A 3.4 GHz dual-core Xeon (X5272) is expected in about a month with a TDP of 80 W. Each dual-core die is 107 sq.mm (Conroe was 143 sq.mm) with 410 million transistors (Conroe was 291 million). The increase in transistor count is mostly cache. Oct 2: David Kanter of Real World Tech posted a couple links to some excellent PDF presentations on IBM's Core architecture, including details on POWER 4, 5, and 6 and information on their compiler performance history. POWER7 is predicted to be released 2010-11. POWER6 is 341 sq.mm., > 750 M transistors, with a 2-way SMT core and 4 MB L2 cache per core (8 MB total) and 32 MB of L3 cache. Sep 10: After a lot of speculation, AMD has released their third-generation Opteron product, code-named Barcelona (desktop ver = Phenom). Anandtech has a review. It is being released at speeds up to 2.0 GHz (the 8350 and 2350) quad-core. The hypertransport bus runs at 1000 MHz. TDP is 95 W, but actual dissipation under typical loads is expected to be 75 W. It is built on a 65 nm process, has 463 million transistors on a 285 sq.mm. die, 128KB L1-cache per core, 0.5 MB L2-cache per core, and 2 MB of shared L3 cache. Anandtech concludes that the 2.0 GHz Barcelona is roughly equivalent to a 2.2-2.4 GHz Intel Quad-core Core-2 chip. Not especially impressive since Intel has 3 GHz offerings and will be answering with a 45-nm based chip next quarter, but AMD is pricing Barcelona very aggressively (2350 is under $400) and has certainly improved their competitive position against Intel. Aug 22: Toshiba now has a 320 GB, 2.5" hard drive that ups the storage density ante to ~250 Gb/sq.in. July 25: Western Digital has jumped on the 1 TB, perpendicular recording technology bandwagon with their more environmentally friendly Caviar "GreenPower" drives which use less average power than a normal drive (~7 W vs. ~10 W) by moving the head more smoothly and some other tricks. They also now have a 750 GB RE-2 drive. June 11: Seagate is shipping 250 GB-per-platter 3.5" HDDs (180 Gb/sq.in.). This will result in Seagate's first 1 TB drive (Hitachi already has one out). First generation perpendicular recording technology drive was 188 GB/platter (presumably ~133 Gb/sq.in.). WD's Caviar RE-2 drives are 100 and 125 GB/platter (400 and 500 GB drives, respectively). June 11: AP News article lists Apple Mac shipments at 3.3 million in 2004, 4.5 million in 2005, and 5.3 million in 2006, attributing some of the growth the popularity of the iPod. Feb 26: IDC has posted a 2006Q4 server sales summary. Entire 2006: $52.3B, 7.5M units (highest since 2000) 2006Q4 (increases are rel. 2005Q4): ---------------------------------- Total server sales = $15.2B (5.2% increase) MS Windows servers = $5.3B (9.4% increase) Linux servers = $1.8B (15.3% increase) x86 sales = $7.2B (7% increase) Itanium sales = $1.1B (71.5% increase, first quarter over $1B) Opteron sales = $1.4B (20% of x86 market for 3 straight quarters) IBM market share = 37.9% (#1) HP market share = 26.8% (#2) Sun = 9.7%, Dell = 9.4%, Fujitsu/Siemens = 4.1% Feb 20: AMD intros Athlon 64 X2 6000+ on 90 nm process at 3.0 GHz. Uses a lot of power but competes reasonably well with Intel's 65 nm Core 2 (generally within 10% of an Intel E6700 at 2.66 GHz). This probably AMD's last hurrah before the K10 core (formerly K8L). 2007 YEAR START PROCESSORS: 2006 was the year of the Intel comeback, with Intel releasing their 65 nm core-2 duo line in the middle of the year to take back the performance crown from AMD while AMD made only modest improvements to their CPUS. The top-end Core-2 chip is a 3 GHz Xeon with 2 cores, a 1333 MHz FSB, and 4 MB of shared cache. Intel even released a quad-core desktop chip at 2.66 GHz with 8 MB shared cache. The top-end desktop frequenc is the 2.93 GHz Core-2 duo with a 1066 MHz FSB. The top-end laptop chip is 2.33 GHz with a 667 MHz FSB and 4 MB cache. AMD did manage to release 65 nm parts late in 2006, but most are eagerly awaiting their K8L core due out in H2, 2007. The top-end Opteron is the 2220SE at 2.8 GHz with PC2-5300 DDR-2 memory and 1 MB cache per core. High end desktop chips include the FX-74, intended for two socket systems at 3 GHz w/2 MB cache and a 2000 MHz hypertransport bus. Also the FX-62 at 2.8 GHz. Apple made a bold move at the beginning of 2006 to switch from IBM/Motorola PowerPC processors to Intel x86 processors. The release of Core-2 Duo Macs later in the year made this decision look like a smart one. Intel Price List at beginning of 2007 AMD Price List at beginning of 2007 MEMORY: DDR-2 is now supported by both Intel and AMD high-end CPUs and is slowly becoming the dominant type of memory, though DDR is still quite common. Here is the pricewatch 2007 system memory list. Here is the pricewatch 2007 flash memory list. Flash memory has really taken off. Compact and SD cards have 8 GB for as low as $100, while USB flash drives have 16 GB for as low as $300 and compact flash has 16 GB for $550 (SanDisk). Meanwhile, pathetic xD finally broke 2 GB in 2006 (but it's still quit slow compared to SD). DISPLAYS: LCD monitors continued to drop in price. Dell's 20" 1600x1200 2007WFP $450 (5-yr warranty) 24" 1920x1200 2407WFP $800 (5-yr warranty) 30" 2560x1600 3007WFP LCD display: $1500 (Other prices from pricegrabber.com.) 17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $140. Average ~$200 20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $260. Average ~$500 23" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $540. Average ~$800 19" CRT low as $50. Average ~$150 STORAGE: (Prices from pricegrabber.com.) SATA the dominant type. 400 - 500 GB is sweet spot in price. 750 GB available from Seagate via perpendicular recording technology. There is starting to be some buzz about hybrid drives which use some flash memory as a sort of super cache which Windows Vista can use to make desktop and laptop boot times faster. 80 GB low as $35 200 GB low as $50 300 GB low as $85 400 GB low as $110 500 GB low as $140, WD's top-end RE-2 $180 at newegg.com CDROMs as low as $4! CDRW at 52x/32x/52x for as low as $18 (virtually same as year before). DVD's: +RW at 16x/8x/16x, -RW at 16x/6x/16x, +/-R DL at 8x, ~$55. Dual-Layer same specs as low as $32.a Blu-Ray/HD-DVD is just starting to see dual-format players, recorders, and discs come out that "make peace" between the two formats. O/S: e-janco.com browser numbers: Browser Jul 2006 ----------------------- IE 75.9% Firefox 13.7% Netscape 5.0% AOL 3.0% Mozilla 0.8% Opera 0.7% Other 1.0% Windows XP still on service pack 2, with Windows Vista's release date being January 31. Apple still on OS X 10.4 (Tiger) with 10.5 (Leopard) due out in the spring promising full 64-bit x86-64 support. From reading Apple's web site, it seems like a fairly evolutionary change to OS X. Redhat/CentOS are on Enterprise Linux 4.4. Linux Kernel at 2.6.19 and 2.4.34. LANGUAGES From tiobe.com, Java 19.2%; C 15.8%; C++ 10.4%; VBasic 9.1%; PHP 7.9%; Perl 7.9%; C# 3.5%; Python 3.5%; Javascript 2.8% USB-2 (40 MB/sec) and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec) still mainstream. Digicams: 8-10 megapixel cams have 33 reviews at Steve's. 6-7 megapixels cams have 94 reviews. Canon now has the HV10, a consumer, compact HD camcorder for ~$1000. |
Dec 5: AMD releases 65 nm X2 processors. Also see the article at geek.com and the Tom's Hardware article. TDP of 65 W. Clock speed expected to eventually reach 3 GHz (with the 6000+ moniker). This is the "Brisbane" core. The "Kuma" core will be the new K8L core and is expected in Q3 2007. Nov 22: 2006 Q3 Server Market Total: $13B (x86/x86-64 has typically been ~50% of this) 2.2M units (increase of 4.4% year-on-year). Itanium: Up by 24% over Q3 '05 ==> $770M by my estimate. Opteron: 20% of x86 market ==> $1.3B by my estimate. Intel is the remaining 80% of the x86 market. Nov 14: Intel announces Quad core chips. These are presumably on their 65 nm process. The table below has details. Model GHz TDP FSB Cache Price --------------------------------------------------------- Xeon X5355 2.66 120 W 1333 MHz 8 MB $1172 Xeon E5345 2.33 80 W 1333 MHz 8 MB $851 Xeon E5320 1.86 80 W 1066 MHz 8 MB $690 Xeon E5310 1.60 80 W 1066 MHz 8 MB $455 Core 2 QX6700 2.66 120 W 1066 MHz 8 MB $999 Sep 13: 50th anniversary hard drive article on PC World. Plot of hard drive price history from the article. Aug 28: Intel officially announces Core 2 laptop (Merom) chips. Aug 24: SPEC 2006 benchmark is released. 12 integer benchmarks and 17 FP. 1 GB minimum RAM. Aug 23: IDC 2nd Quarter 2006 Worldwide Server Statistics 2Q06/2Q05 2Q06 Market 2Q05 Market Revenue Vendor Revenue Share Revenue Share Growth ------------------------------------------------------------------------ IBM $3,808M 31.0% $3,893M 31.9% -2.2% Hewlett-Packard $3,420M 27.8% $3,480M 28.5% -1.7% Sun Microsystems $1,585M 12.9% $1,372M 11.2% 15.5% Dell $1,269M 10.3% $1,286M 10.5% -1.3% Fujitsu/Fujitsu Siemens $554M 4.5% $551M 4.5% 0.5% Others $1,651M 13.4% $1,638M 13.4% 0.8% ------------------------------------------------------------------------ All Vendors $12,287M 100.00% $12,219M 100.00% 0.6% x86: $5.9B (48% of market, 3.3% growth over 2Q05--slowest growth in 11 quarters) Itanium/EPIC: $740M (11.7% of non-x86 market) AMD: 20.2% of x86 market = $1.2B 1-socket and 32+-socket saw the most growth. 1-socket probably because dual-core is catching on and taking business from 2-socket systems. Linux: $1.5B (6.1% growth over 2Q'05) Unix: $4.3B (1.6% decline) Windows: $4.2B (3.1% growth) Volume server (<$25K) revenue increased 6.2% -- 3 consecutive quarters of increase. Mid-range server ($25K-$500K) revenue declined 3.5% -- 3 consecutive quarters of decline. High-end server (>$500K) revenue declined 7% -- 7 consecutive quarters of decline. Aug 15: AMD releases next-gen AMD Opterons. Model numbers are explained here. The numbers are 82XX, 22XX, and 12XX, where the XX ranges from 10 (1.8 GHz) to 20 (2.8 GHz). These processors use a new socket which will be quad-core drop-in compatible. They are fabbed with a 90 nm process in Dresden and have 1 MB L2 cache. They work with DDR2-667 memory and have max TDP of around 100 W. Spec scores are within a few percent of earlier models (at the same clock speeds). Jul 27: Intel officially releases Core 2 Duo processors. These are the desktop (Conroe) and mobile (Merom) versions of the already released Xeon 5100 series (see June 26 entry). They are produced on a 65 nm process and have 2-4 MB shared L2 cache. The desktop chips have a 1066 MHz FSB and range from 1.86 GHz (E6300) to 2.93 GHz (E6800 Extreme). The mobile chips have a 667 MHz FSB and range from 1.66 GHz (T5500) to 2.33 GHz (T7600). Benchmarks have been impressive. Intel is claiming "40% better performance and 40% lower TDP," which is probably not much of an exaggeration. This is a big day for Intel. They're also slashing Pentium-4 prices to try and dump their inventory. Jul 18: Interesting numbers from a C-Net article on Montecito. 1. Intel Itanium revenue is ~$1.5B per year (this is Intel's revenue, not the total server system revenue). 2. Intel presently ships fewer than 100K Itanium processors per quarter. Assuming they're close to that, then the average # of chips per Itanium server is around 10. Jul 18: Intel releases dual core "Montecito" Itanium 2 processor. Montecito is on a 90 nm process and has two cores, 12 MB L-3 cache per core, 1.72 billion transistors, and 596 sq.mm of die size. Est. dissipation is 100 W. The high-end "9050" version clocks in at 1600 MHz with a 533 MHz FSB. See the wikipedia article for more info. Early single-CPU SPEC scores (SPECint and SPECfp) are not as good as Woodcrest's, but a record SPEC-int-rate score of 4236 was posted from SGI (128 chips/256 cores). Jun 26: Intel releases Xeon 5100 series (Woodcrest). The top-end 5160, running at 3 GHz with a 1333 MHz FSB and 4 MB shared L3 cache has a thermal design point (TDP) of 80 W. This is Intel's first official release of the Woodcrest/Conroe/Merom core. It is build on a 65 nm process. Peak spec scores exceed 3000 on both SPECint and SPECfp (the SPECfp score got over 3000 on Redhat Linux). A very impressive performer, but word is that the 4-processor version will experience bottlenecks due to Intel's inferior memory bus design. May 29: Here's an interesting paper on the potential of the Cell microprocessor. With the right compiler, it could be truly impressive--nearly an order of magnitude faster than today's mainstream processors. May 26: World server market stats, Q1 2006 from IDC and Gartner IBM: $3.53B 299kunits x86/x86-64: $6.1B (51% of market) HP: $3.46B 538k AMD: 15.3% of x86/x86-64 ($933M) Dell: $1.31B 431k 25.7% of U.S. market Sun: $1.29B 88k 36% of 4-socket Fujitsu: $0.79B 76k 48% of U.S. 4-socket Other: $2.0B 555k Itanium: $640M ----------------------- Total: $12.4B 1990k Windows=$4.4B; Unix=$3.9B; Linux=$1.5B May 24: Dell has posted Intel Woodcrest (Xeon 5160) SPEC numbers. The Woodcrest in this case is called a Xeon 5160. It runs at 3 GHz, 1333 MHz FSB, with 4 MB shared L3 cache. 3059 peak SPECint (nearly 50% higher than AMD Opteron 256). 2673 peak SPECfp (7% higher than AMD Opteron 256). May 23: AMD launches AM2 and FX-62. A review at The Register. AM2: 667 MHz or 800 MHz DDR-2 (PC2-5300 or PC2-6400), 940 pins (AM2 will unify by replacing Sockets 940, 939, and 754.) FX-62: 2.6(?) GHz, SSE-3, 125 W TDP, 90 nm SOI, 2 MB L2-cache, 227M transistors, 230 sq. mm. Apr 12: AMD's latest Opteron 256 (3 GHz, single core) breaks the 2000 SPECint barrier. See the story on geek.com. Feb 22: Server market stats, 2005 (Excite, Inquirer) Gartner: Shipments up 12.5% in 2005, revenues up 4.5% to $51.7B. Non-x86 server shipments down 5.3%, revenues up 0.5%. $$ Units --------------------- IBM $16.6B 1.2M HP $14.6B 2.09M Dell $5.4B 1.7M Sun $5.0B 0.34M IDC: Shipments up 11.6% in 2005, revenues up 4.4% to $51.3B. Volume servers up 7.3% over 2004. Midrange servers down 11.5% over 2004. High-end servers down 1.7% over 2004. Q4'05 revenue declined over Q4'04 by 0.2% to $14.5B. Windows revenues up 4.7% to $17.7B. Linux revenues at $6.7B, Unix at $17.5B. Q4'05 Q4'04 ------------------------- IBM $5.6B $5.5B HP $3.9B $3.7B Dell $1.4B $1.3B Sun $1.2B $1.3B Fujitsu $0.6B $0.7B Other $1.9B $2.0B ------------------------- Total $14.5B $14.5B Jan 10: Apple unveils Intel-based Macs. These are based on Intel's "Core Duo" 65 nm Yonah chips. Jan 10: AMD releases FX-60 dual-core AMD64 chip at 2.6 GHz. 90 nm SOI, 233 million transistors, 199 sqmm die-size, socket 939, 128KBx2 L1 cache, 1 MBx2 L2 cache, 135/225 W idle/full total system power consumption (includes hard drives, memory, graphics, etc.). Jan 6: Intel releases Core Duo chips, quietly dropping the "Pentium" name. 2.16 GHz, 667 MHz FSB, 2 MB shared L2 cache, 65 nm tech, 31 W TPD. 2006 YEAR START PROCESSORS: 2005 was the year of dual-core, with both Intel and AMD bringing out dual-core versions of their popular chips. The AMD64 X2 series and dual core opterons seem to perform better than Intel's 9XXD series, with significantly lower power consumption. For clock rates, it was another year of very little increase. Intel's stop official clock speed is still 3.8 GHz (same as 2005 year start), and AMD bumped up their flagship FX speed by only 200 MHz to 2.8 GHz (AMD FX-57). Intel's top dual core offering is the "Presler" P4 XE 955 at 3.46 GHz w/2 MB cache and a 1066 MHZ FSB (65 nm). AMD's top offering is the AMD64 X2 4800+ at 2.4 GHz (90 nm). AMD is still at 90 nm process technology, with 65 nm expected late 2006, but Intel has already released 65 nm silicon and it's looking like 2006 will be the year of 65 nm for Intel. The Pentium name is supposed to be near expiration, with Intel supposedly turning to names like "Core Solo" and "Core Duo" for their "Yonah" (65 nm) laptop line, which is to be officially introduced very shortly. Intel is expected to introduce their eagerly anticipated Conroe/Merom chips this year, supposedly combining the best of the P4's and the Pentium-M's. Intel 1-2-06 Price List from Intel price list link (see top of page). AMD 1-3-06 Price List from AMD price list link (see top of page). MEMORY: DDR-II and DDR still reign. I haven't been keeping up on the latest standards and flavors as I probably should have, though. Here is the pricewatch 2006 system memory list. Here is the pricewatch 2006 flash memory list. DISPLAYS: LCD monitors continued to drop in price. Dell's 20" 1600x1200 LCD display: $650 24" 1920x1200 LCD display: $880 on special 30" 2560x1600 LCD display: $2200 (Other prices from pricegrabber.com.) 17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $150. Average ~$250-$300 20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $350. Average ~$600 23" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $875. Average ~$1200 19" CRT low as $75. Average ~$150-$200 STORAGE: (Prices from pricegrabber.com.) Serial ATA the dominant type. EIDE still popular. SATA-II available. 80 GB low as $50 120 GB low as $54 200 GB low as $85 300 GB low as $150 400 GB low as $200-$250. 500 GB low as $350, more typically $400. HD transfer rates up to 64 MB/s. CDRW at 52x/32x/52x for as low as $16 (virtually same as year before). DVD's: +RW at 16x/8x/16x, -RW at 16x/6x/16x, +/-R DL at 8x, ~$40. O/S: e-janco.com browser numbers: Browser Sep 2005 ----------------------- IE 85.1% Firefox 9.5% Mozilla 2.7% AOL 1.4% MSN 0.6% Opera 0.2% Netscape 0.15% Windows XP still on service pack 2, with Windows Vista (was Longhorn) do out this year (2nd half?). Apple on OS X 10.4 (Tiger) and has released Intel-based Macs in early January of 2006 based on Intel's "Core Duo" (Yonah) 65 nm chips. The ad campaign Jobs came up with is "until now, Intel chips have been in boring PC's doing boring jobs. Set your Intel chip free." Redhat/CentOS are on Enterprise Linux 4.2. Linux Kernel at 2.6.15 and 2.4.32. LANGUAGES From tiobe.com, Java, 22.2%; C, 19%; C++ 11.4%; PHP 9.4%; VBasic 9.1%; Perl 7%; C# 3.6%; Python 2.6% USB-2 (40 MB/sec) and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec) still mainstream. Digicams at 6-8 megapixels commonly. |
Nov 23: Q3 2005 server sales estimates. Looks like Opterons have just about caught Itaniums in sales dollars. Opteron: 174K units/$620M* (vs. 76K units/$240M* in 3Q'04) Itanium: 9K units*/$620M (vs. $358M in 3Q'04) Intel x86: 1.56M units (vs. 1.44M in 3Q'04) HP sold $423M/6200 units of Itanium servers. Total server market: $12.5B. x86 up by 12% over Q3'04, Itanium/RISC off by 2%. IBM $4.1B, HP $3.5B, Dell $1.3B, Sun $1.1B, Fujitsu $0.7B, Other $1.8B * - my estimates Oct 20: Intel ships its first 65 nm CPU, Pentium D 900 series (Presler). This is a dual-core P4-based CPU with ~85 W max dissipation. See Tom's Hardware review of the 65 nm P4. Oct 17: Intel has released the first dual-core Itanium (Montecito). I think this is a 90 nm process. The top-end Montecito, with 2 GHz clock, 24 MB cache, and a 667 MHz FSB, isn't coming until 2006, though. No benchmarks yet. Jul 26: While C and Java duke it out at ~20% "share", tiobe.com has C# at an all-time high of 3.1%. Ack! Why are people supporting a Microsoft-invented language? Top 10: 1 C 19.846% +2.70% A 2 Java 19.659% +2.61% A 3 C++ 11.060% -2.38% A 4 PHP 9.172% -1.15% A 5 Perl 7.828% -1.05% A 6 (Visual) Basic 6.069% -4.53% A 7 C# 3.142% +1.48% A 8 Python 2.525% -2.44% A 9 JavaScript 1.779% +0.17% A 10 Delphi/Kylix 1.738% -2.75% A Jul 26: Intel releases Pentium-M 780 at 2.26 GHz and 27 Watts TPD. Jul 22: 2Q'05 PC shipment estimates from Gartner World (Thousands of Units) 2Q05 2Q05 2Q04 2Q04 2Q05-2Q04 Company Shipments Market Shipments Market Growth (%) Share (%) Share (%) --------------- --------- --------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Dell Inc. 8,756 17.9 7,083 16.6 23.6 Hewlett-Packard 7,123 14.6 6,115 14.3 16.5 Lenovo 3,529 7.2 3,179 7.5 11.0 Acer 2,116 4.3 1,262 3.0 67.6 Fujitsu/Fujitsu Siemens 1,737 3.6 1,517 3.6 14.5 Others 25,660 52.5 23,472 55.1 9.3 Total 48,920 100.0 42,628 100.0 14.8 --------------- --------- --------- ----------- ---------- ----------- U.S. Company 2Q05 2Q05 2Q04 2Q04 2Q05-2Q04 Shipments Market Shipments Market Growth Share (%) Share (%) (%) --------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- Dell Inc. 4,988 32.0 4,295 30.3 16.1 Hewlett-Packard 2,711 17.4 2,547 18.0 6.4 Gateway 890 5.7 703 5.0 26.6 Apple Computer 663 4.3 505 3.6 31.4 Lenovo 607 3.9 668 4.7 -9.1 Others 5,708 36.7 5,439 38.4 4.9 Total 15,567 100.0 14,157 100.0 10.0 --------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- Note: Data includes desk-based PCs, mobile PCs and X86-32 servers. Source: Gartner Dataquest (January 2005) Jul 13: Inkjet printer maket share. Q1'05: HP 35.0%, Lexmark 20.2%, Epson 15.8%, Canon 13.5%, Dell 15.6% Q1'04: HP 47.4%, Lexmark 21.1%, Epson 17.5%, Canon 17.5%, Dell 1.5% Jun 27: Over six months after the introduction of the FX-55, AMD increases the clock speed by a whopping 200 MHz and announces the FX-57, based on the San Diego core (E4 stepping), a 90 nm SOI process, 113 M transistors. It has the standard 1 MB of L2 cache and dissipates 104 W. It supports SSE-3. More at geek.com and Tom's hardware. Jun 6: Apple announces the switch from IBM PowerPC CPUs to Intel. Jun 1: Latest Itanium/Opteron/Total server sales and unit shipments. Total Opteron Itanium Q1 2005: $12.3B $314M/91K units $472M/6.9K units Q1 2004: $11.8B $99M/33.1K units $287M/6.45K units Quick comments: Both are still small players in the overall market. Itanium is shifting towards the high end--the mean price per server is now ~$68K. Compare that to 2004 (~$45K) and 2003 (~$26K). May 31: AMD and Intel virtually simultaneously launch their desktop dual-core processors. The AMD64 X2 tops out with the model 4800+, which runs at 2.4 GHz and has dual 1 MB L2 Cache. The memory bus supports PC3200 memory. It is based on 90 nm SOI technology, has 233 million transistors, a die size of 199 sq. mm., and dissipates up to 110 W. The Intel Pentium D has very similar specs and tops out at 3.2 GHz. Comparisons are at Anandtech and Tom's Hardware. Apr 21: AMD and Intel both launched dual-core processors this week. The Intel version is called the P4 Extreme Edition Dual Core. The model number is 840 for a 3.2 GHz clockrate and 800 MHz FSB. Each core gets 1 MB of its own L2 cache and has hyper- threading for a total of four logical CPU's. The AMD top-end dual-core Opteron is Model 275, running at 2.2 GHz. It also has 1 MB of L2 cache per core. It dissipates 95 Watts. Links: Intel dual-core page; Intel's benchmarks AMD's Opteron Page; AMD's benchmarks Mar 10: AMD introduces Turion 64 Mobile Technology. This is their Pentium-M/Centrino competitor. Initial offerings are the ML-30,32,34,47 (35 W dissipation @ 1.6 - 2.0 GHz w/varying cache from 0.5 - 1.0 MB) and the MT-30,32,34 (25 W dissipation @ 1.6 - 1.8 GHz w/varying cache from 0.5 - 1.0 MB). Technology is 90 nm SOI, PC3200 so-DIMMs and a 128-bit data path. Looks good, but I want to see benchmarks, since I know that a 2 GHz Pentium-M can beat a 2 GHz desktop Athlon on some benchmarks (primarily due to its large 2 MB cache). Mar 1: Web browser market share All O/Ses 2/18/05 1/14/05 12/3/04 11/5/04 6/4/04 ------------------------------------------------------- I.E. 89.85% 90.28% 91.80% 92.89% 95.48% Firefox 5.69% 4.95% 4.06% 3.03% 3.53% Netscape 2.47% 2.64% 2.83% 2.95% Other 1.90% 2.06% 1.25% 1.07% 0.95% ------------------------------------------------------- Windows O/S 2/18/05 1/14/05 12/3/04 11/5/04 6/4/04 ------------------------------------------------------- I.E. 92.20% 92.72% 93.44% 94.29% 96.69% Firefox 5.47% 4.78% 3.90% 2.94% 3.05% Netscape 2.09% 2.24% 2.38% 2.51% Opera 0.18% 0.19% 0.21% 0.22% 0.20% ------------------------------------------------------- Feb 28: Register reports 2004 Itanium sales. Between 26,005 and 33,623 servers sold in 2004 (vs. 18,730 in '03). Between $1.4B and $1.5B in sales revenue (vs. $479M in '03). From what I can tell from here and here, Itanium sales average somewhere around $30 - $50K per server. Based on 25K chips sold in Q1'03-Q3'03 (10,000 systems): the systems average 2.5 chips per unit and around $10K - $20K/CPU. Thus Intel probably sold between 70K and 150K Itanium CPUs in 2004. Based on 100K chips sold in all of 2003 (19K systems): the systems average ~6 chips per unit and around $5K/CPU. Then Intel would have sold ~300K CPUs in 2004. The Register has cast a lot of doubt on the 100K CPUs in 2003, however: see here and here. Feb 14: AMD releases the Opteron 252 at 2.6 GHz with 1 GHz hypertransport. This is the first completely revised 90 nm Opteron core. It supports SSE-3 and has a spec score out already. 2005 YEAR START PROCESSORS: 2004 continued the trend in slow clockrate increases in CPU's. Intel ended the year at 3.8 GHz with news that they had cancelled plans to bring out a 4 GHz chip. AMD ended the year at 2.6 GHz with their Athlon FX-55 (130 nm). AMD has introduced 90 nm technology, but the bulk of their production is still at 130 nm. They also went to a 939-pin version of their 64-bit CPU's which uses faster (lower latency) unbuffered memory. All AMD-64 chips now use PC3200 memory. Apple ended the year at 2.5 GHz (90 nm G5 PPC 970FX). Most chip vendors (Intel, AMD, IBM) have been promising to debut dual-core processors in 2005, all at 90 nm. Pricing from pricewatch main page. INTEL AMD ------------------- ------------------ P4 3.8GHz (not listed) A64 FX-55 $858 P4 3.6GHz 800 $431 A64 FX-53 $579 P4 3.4GHzEE800 $950 A64 FX-53 939 $783 P4 3.4GHz 800 $269 A64 FX-51 $680 P4 3.2GHzEE800 $840 A64 4000 $680 P4 3.0GHz 800 $170 A64 3800 $608 P4 2.8GHz 800 $154 A64 3700 $440 P4 2.8GHz 533 $158 A64 3500 939 $266 (90 nm) P4 2.6GHz 800 $149 A64 3500 939 $266 P4 2.6GHz 533 $150 A64 3500 $261 A64 3400 $205 A64 3200 939 $195 (90 nm) A64 3200 939 $187 A64 3200 $176 * - The EE (Extreme Edition) P4's have 2 MB L3 cache MEMORY: DDR-II has made headway in Intel chips, but AMD chips still only support DDR SDRAM. DDR-II chips are starting to come out in lower latency flavors, and that should help. Pricing from pricewatch main page. DDR RDRAM FLASH ----------------- ------------------- -------------------------- PC4400 1GB $247 1066 MHz 512MB $215 Compact 8 GB $800* PC4200 1GB $170 1066 MHz 256MB $66 4 GB $400* PC4200 512MB $94 1066 MHz 128MB $43 2 GB $89 PC4000 1GB $168 800 MHz 512MB $154 1 GB $66 PC4000 512MB $74 800 MHz 256MB $70 512 MB $37 PC4000 256MB $49 800 MHz 128MB $42 256 MB $20 PC3700 1GB $153 128 MB $14 PC3500 2GB $370 PC3500 1GB $145 SDRAM XD Picture card 512 MB $79 PC3500 512MB $71 ---------------- 256 MB $47 PC3200 2GB $279 PC133 1GB $116 128 MB $32 PC3200 1GB $104 PC133 512MB $36 PC3200 512MB $45 PC133 256MB $22 PC3200 256MB $24 PC100 1GB $162 PC3200 512MB $51 PC100 512MB $36 PC3000 1GB $169 PC100 256MB $22 PC3000 512MB $70 PC2700 2GB $234 PC2700 1GB $86 PC2700 512MB $49 PC2700 256MB $22 PC2700 256MB $22 PC2100 4GB ~$4000 DDR-2 ---------------------------- PC2-5400 DDR2-675 512MB $134 PC2-5400 DDR2-675 256MB $74 PC2-5300 DDR2-667 1GB $360 PC2-5300 DDR2-667 512MB $180 PC2-5300 DDR2-667 256MB $100 PC2-4200 DDR2-533 2GB $433 PC2-4200 DDR2-533 1GB $211 PC2-4200 DDR2-533 512MB $94 PC2-4200 DDR2-533 256MB $49 * - These compact flash prices were listed on pricegrabber.com. DISPLAYS: LCD monitors continued to drop in price. (Prices from pricegrabber.com.) 15" 1024x768 LCD: Low as $178. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $275. 17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $210. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $300. 19" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $340. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $450. 20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $590. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $770. 23" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $1300. Averaged about $1800. 19" CRT low as $140. Viewsonic lowest averaged about $175. STORAGE: (Prices from pricegrabber.com.) Serial ATA and EIDE both very popular. SATA on most new systems. SATA-II starting to come out (doubles speed of SATA to 300 MB/s?). 80 GB low as $49 120 GB low as $57 200 GB low as $101 250 GB low as $126 300 GB low as $188 400 GB low as $270 Now CD or DVD drives have shown speed increases over 2003 except for the newly introduced dual-layer drives. CD-ROM's at 52x for about $15-$20. CDRW's at 52x/32x/52x for as little as $20. DVD-ROM's at 12x for as low as $15. DVD+/-RW 8x/4x/12x drives for as low as $120. Dual layer DVD+/-RW drives (new in 2004): 16x/8x/16x as low as $100. O/S: Google discontinued its O/S and Browser stats in June of 2004. These are the results from June 2004. The Mozilla (Firefox) browser was showing the most rapid growth into June 2004 and no doubt gained momentum as Firefox 1.0 was released with a lot of fanfare. Google Zeitgeist June 2004 numbers: Browsers O/S MSIE 6.0 74% Win XP 51% MSIE 5.0 6% Win 98 16% MSIE 5.5 6% Win 2K 18% Netscape 5.x+/Moz 6% Win NT 2% Netscape 4.x+ 1% Win ME 3% MSIE 4.0 1% Mac 3% Other 6% Win 95 1% Linux 1% Other 5% e-janco.com also has browser numbers: Browser April 2005 Jan 2005 ------------------------------------- IE 83.1% 84.9% Firefox 10.3% 4.2% Mozilla 3.8% 4.5% Netscape 0.9% 3.0% AOL 0.9% 2.2% MSN 0.7% 0.6% Opera 0.4% 0.3% Windows XP on service pack 2, the largest service pack MS has ever distributed, which came out in late 2004. It focused mostly on security issues and enhanced wireless utilities. Windows Longhorn pushed to 2006 or 2007? Apple on OS X 10.3.6 (Panther) with a 10.4 preview page (Tiger). Redhat has discontinued the 7.x,8.x,9.x Linux series and now offers Enterprise Linux 2.1 and 3 (stable, commercial, Linux kernel 2.4.21 w/some 2.6 features) and Fedora Core 3 (open source, "bleeding edge", Linux 2.6 kernel). SUSE offers Enterprise server 9 (Linux Kernel 2.6.x) and Linux Professional 9.2 (Linux Kernel 2.6.8, $89). Linux Kernel at 2.6.10 and 2.4.27 LANGUAGES See tiobe.com link, July 26, 2005 entry. USB-2 (40 MB/sec) and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec) now completely mainstream. USB's latest innovation is "On-The-Go" (OTG) which allows peripherals to connect directly to each other without a computer (www.usb.org). Many 5 megapixel cameras now support USB-2. PCI-Express boards now available for high end Intel/AMD systems. RIAA and Hollywood continuing practice of suing song/moview swappers, with "bittorrent" being the latest popular swapping technology. |
Oct 19: IDC and Gartner release worldwide PC market statistics for Q3'04.
From CNET news.com
----------------------------------------
Q3'04
Q3'04 Market Growth
Vendor Shipments Share Q304/Q303
----------------------------------------
Dell 8.05M 18.2% 20.7%
HP 7.15M 16.2% 9.1%
IBM 2.65M 6.0% 16.4%
Fujitsu 1.73M 3.9% 10.7%
Toshiba 1.61M 3.6% 16.5%
Other 23.01M 52.1%
----------------------------------------
Total 44.2M 100% 11.9%
----------------------------------------
Both IDC and Gartner define PCs to include desktop machines,
mobile computers (but not PDAs), and x86 servers.
Sep 2: Q2 2004 server sales:
Itanium: 5,665 units, $319M (85% HP)
Opteron: 60,000 units, $191M (72% white box)
Total Market: 1.6 million units, $11.5B
June 28: Intel releases their 90 nm Xeon (Nocona) at speeds up to 3.6 GHz.
This chip includes Intel's Extended Memory 64 Technology (EM64T),
aka AMD64. It has 1 MB L2 cache, and an 800 MHz FSB w/DDR2 memory
support. Judging by Intel's benchmarks, the 3.6 GHz part looks
about 10-15% faster than the 3.2 GHz part with the 533 MHz FSB.
June 2: AMD releases 939-pin Athlons (3500+ @ 2.2 GHz, 3800+ @ 2.4 GHz).
Performance improvement is relatively minor (~1-2% average).
May 28: Q1 2004 server sales:
Itanium: 6,281 units, $282M (compare to 1,225 and $38M for Q1'03)
Opteron: 31,184 units, $93M
Xeon: > 1 million units
Total: 1.6 million units, $11.8B
May 10: Intel releases 90 nm Pentium-M chips.
Model numbers 755, 745, 735 correspond to 2, 1.8, and 1.7 GHz.
32K/32K L1 cache, 2 MB L2 cache, 400 MHz FSB, SSE-2 instructions.
All models have a TDP of 21 W max and a low power TDP of 7.5 W.
May 7: Intel has cancelled Tejas (P4 Prescott's successor).
May 3: IBM officially launches the POWER5 dual-core CPU in servers.
0.13 microns, 276 million transistors, 36 MB L3 cache!
Max clock rate is 1.9 GHz at this time. SPEC scores get
officially posted in Q3'04.
Mar 18: AMD introduces the Athlon64 FX-53 at 2.4 GHz.
Feb 27: IDC releases server market statistics for Q4'03 and all of 2003.
From http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jhtml?containerId=pr2004_02_26_193650
----------------------------------------------
Q4'03 Q4'02 Revenue
Q4'03 Market Market Growth
Vendor Revenue Share Share Q403/Q402
----------------------------------------------
IBM $5.17B 37.9% 35.8% 17.7%
HP $3.53B 25.8% 26.3% 9.4%
Sun $1.41B 10.4% 11.7% -1.7%
Dell $1.17B 8.6% 8.0% 19.0%
Fujitsu $0.73B 5.4% 4.6% 31.3%
Others $1.64B 12.0% 13.5% -1.0%
----------------------------------------------
Total $13.66B 100% 100% 1.9%
----------------------------------------------
2003 2002 Revenue
2003 Market Market Growth
Vendor Revenue Share Share 2003/2002
----------------------------------------------
IBM $14.4B 31.6% 29.3% 11.3%
HP $12.5B 27.3% 28.0% 0.7%
Sun $5.4B 11.8% 13.7% -11.4%
Dell $4.2B 9.1% 8.2% 14.3%
Fujitsu $2.8B 6.2% 6.1% 5.4%
Others $6.4B 14.0% 14.7% -1.9%
----------------------------------------------
Total $45.7B 100% 100% 3.2%
----------------------------------------------
Total shipped units in '03: 5.3 million (18.3% increase over '02)
Specific Q4'03 breakdowns with growth over Q4'02:
x86 server: $5.5B revenue (15% growth); 1.4M units (23% growth)
Unix server: $5.1B revenue (0.8% growth); 12.1% unit growth
IBM=32.9% share, HP=30.5%, Sun=27.6%
Linux: $0.96B revenue (63% growth); 52.5% unit growth
Windows: $3.9B revenue (32% market share, 16% growth)
23.3% unit growth
NOTE: seven minutes into this video, Kevin McGrath of AMD
says that Intel planned to sell 23,000 Itaniums in 2003
while AMD sold "hundreds of thousands" of Athlon64/Opterons.
NOTE2: This article says Intel sold "more than 100,000" Itaniums in '03.
NOTE3: This article says 35,000 Opteron-based servers were shipped in 2003
out of a total of 4.7M x86 servers.
Feb 2: Intel releases the Pentium-4 Prescott version, denoted by an 'E'
after the clock speed, as-in 2.8E, 3.0E, 3.2E, and 3.4E GHz.
The Prescott has 90 nm features, 125 million transistors,
16KB L1 cache and 1 MB of L2 cache. It has a thermal design
power of 103 Watts at 3.2 GHz. It has 13 new instructions (SSE-3).
The front side bus runs at 800 MHz. Early reviews are quite tepid,
indicating that it performs about the same as the 130nm Northwood
P4 at the same clock speed.
Datasheets; Press release.
Jan 20: Apple debuts the new 90 nm G5 (IBM PowerPC 970FX) in their
1U Xserves. 2.0 GHz, 512K L2 cache. No Spec scores yet.
Here is the article.
Jan 6: AMD releases Athlon 64 3400+ desktop processor (2.2 GHz) and
Mobile Athlon 64 3200+, 3000+, and 2800+ processors.
Many review sites have the Athlon 64 3400+ performing faster
than the Athlon FX-51 since it uses unbuffered memory.
Press release.
2004 YEAR START
PROCESSORS:
2003 marked an unprecedented slowing of the clock rate increases in
mainstream CPU's. The P4 went only from 3.06 to 3.2 GHz over the year.
AMD went backwards (in clock rate) as they introduced the the Athlon 64
at 2 GHz (Athlon XP 3000+ was at 2.167 GHz), but the 64-bit chip performs
well. Apple spiced things up with the G5 and will release higher speed
grades in January of '04.
Intel is seeming to have lots of problems bringing the x86 chip to 90nm
scaling. Initial reports had Prescott (the 90nm P4) at over 100 watts
of dissipation due to leakage issues. Reports are that AMD will have
similar issues with their 90 nm scalings. Intel says they'll have
Prescott out in Feb '04. AMD says they'll have 90 nm chips out in H2.
Pricing from pricewatch main page.
INTEL AMD
------------------- -----------------
P4 3.2GHzEE800 $909 A64 FX $722
P4 3.2GHz 800 $385 A64 3200 $403
P4 3.0GHz 800 $266 A64 3000 $213
P4 3.06GHz 533 $259 AXP 3200 $333
P4 2.8GHz 800 $197 AXP 3200 400 $289
P4 2.8GHz 533 $174 AXP 3000 $175
P4 2.6GHz 800 $166 AXP 3000 400 $199
P4 2.6GHz 533 $150 AXP 2800 $129
P4 2.53GHz 533 $148 AXP 2800 333 $128
P4 2.4GHz 800 $156 AXP 2700 333 $108
P4 2.4GHz 533 $156 AXP 2600 $99
P4 2.4GHz 400 $151 AXP 2600 333 $83
P4 2.2GHz 400 $134 AXP 2500 $83
AXP 2500 333 $84
AXP 2400 $68
MEMORY:
DDR SDRAM is now the dominant type of memory, with DDR-II starting to
make headway, and RDRAM seems to be fading away now that Intel has
all but abandoned it.
Pricing from pricewatch main page.
DDR RDRAM FLASH
----------------- ------------------- --------------------------
PC4400 1GB $429 1066 MHz 512MB $178 USB 2.0 4 GB Flash: $1080
PC4200 1GB $168 1066 MHz 256MB $80 2 GB $514
PC4200 512MB $89 1066 MHz 128MB $39 1 GB $175
PC4000 1GB $169 800 MHz 512MB $88 512 MB $118
PC4000 512MB $67 800 MHz 256MB $44 256 MB $54
PC4000 256MB $50 800 MHz 128MB $28 XD Picture card 512MB $175
PC3700 1GB $144 256MB $90
PC3700 512MB $65 128MB $49
PC3700 256 $37 SDRAM
PC3500 1GB $144 ----------------
PC3500 512MB $62 PC150 512MB $80
PC3500 256MB $33 PC150 256MB $43
PC3200 2GB $520 PC150 128MB $28
PC3200 1GB $121 PC133 1GB $166
PC3200 512MB $51 PC133 512MB $42
PC3200 256MB $25 PC133 256MB $35
PC3000 1GB $160 PC133 128MB $15
PC3000 512MB $58 PC133 64MB $9
PC3000 256MB $32 PC100 1GB $134
PC2700 2GB $490 PC100 512MB $46
PC2700 1GB $106 PC100 256MB $37
PC2700 512MB $50 PC100 128MB $15
PC2700 256MB $22 PC100 64MB $9
PC2400 1GB $165 PC100 32MB $9
PC2400 512MB $59
PC2400 256MB $32
PC2400 128MB $24
PC2100 2GB $430
PC2100 1GB $103
PC2100 512MB $49
PC2100 256MB $20
PC2100 128MB $15
PC1600 512MB $60
PC1600 256MB $36
PC1600 128MB $19
DISPLAYS:
15" 1024x768 LCD: Low as $199. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $350.
17" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $340. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $450.
18" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $450. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $550.
19" 1280x1024 LCD: Low as $550. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $700.
20" 1600x1200 LCD: Low as $940. Lowest Viewsonic averaged about $1200.
23" 1920x1200 LCD: Low as $2200. Averaged about $2500.
19" CRT low as $140. Viewsonic lowest averaged about $200.
STORAGE:
Serial ATA becoming more and more popular. EIDE still going strong.
40 GB low as $39
80 GB low as $55
120 GB low as $56
200 GB low as $157
250 GB low as $205
300 GB 5400 RPM low as $207
CD-ROM's at 56x for about $20.
CDRW's at 52x/32x/52x for as little as $32.
DVD-ROM's at 12x for as low as $22.
DVD+RW and -RW formats still competing. Most drives offer both (+/-).
DVD+/-RW 8x/4x/12x drives for as low as $130.
O/S:
Google Zeitgeist January 2004 numbers:
Browsers O/S
MSIE 6.0 70% Win XP 45%
MSIE 5.0 10% Win 98 24%
MSIE 5.5 8% Win 2K 18%
Netscape 5.x+/Moz 4% Win NT 3%
Netscape 4.x+ 1% Mac 3%
MSIE 4.0 1% Win 95 1%
Other 6% Linux 1%
Other 5%
Windows XP on service pack 1. Service pack 2 due H1?
Windows Longhorn due in '05?
Apple on OS X 10.3 (Panther).
Redhat on Linux 9.0 (gcc 3.2, Mingw 3.1.0)
USB-2 (40 MB/sec) now common on motherboards and Firewire-2 (80 MB/sec)
well established.
Kazaa.com and other P2P users threatened with lawsuits from RIAA, but
towards end of year a court ruled that the RIAA could not subpoena
information about users from ISP's.
Nanocubic technology from Fuji being used for very high density tapes
(e.g. Terabyte).
|
Nov 17: AMD releases 2.2 GHz Opteron and announces opterons w/PC3200 DDR
memory support. Press release.
Sept 23: AMD releases the Athlon-64 family.
Athlon64 FX-51 at 2.2 GHz, 106 million transistors, 0.13 micron SOI,
144-bit (dual channel) PC3200 DDR memory, 128K L1 cache
(64K data, 64K inst), 1 MB L2 cache, 3D Now! and SSE-2 compatible.
89 W thermal design power, 70 degree C case temperature.
Athlon64 3200+ (2 GHz) and 3400+ (2.2 GHz) is same as FX but uses
72-bit (single channel) DDR memory (narrower memory path reduces
performance).
Mobile Athlon 64's can be clocked down to 800 MHz and about 20 W
dissipation.
Sept 16: Intel announces P4 Extreme Edition
Like P4C, but w/additional 2MB L3 cache. Performance benefit of
10-15% claimed. Recent Spec Results bear this out.
Aug 5: AMD releases 2.0 GHz Opteron 246 and 146.
Performance benchmarks here.
It just barely clips a 3.2 GHz P4C at specfp2000 peak (1293 to 1285),
but not base (1206 to 1267). It takes the crown for both specint
scores, though with a specint2000 peak breaking 1300 at 1317.
July: Apple announces G5 processor-based Apple computers which will be
shipped later this year. The G5 has dual double-precision
float units plus an altivec engine. See more at apple.com.
Some of the Apple benchmarks have stirred up quite a bit of
controversy, mostly because Apple felt the need to compute
their own spec scores for Dell and Intel, and the Apple
specfp score for Dell (693) is over 50% lower than the fastest scores
that Intel and Dell have posted at spec.org.
June 23: Intel introduces Pentium 4C at 3.2 GHz (800 MHz FSB using
PC3200 DDR Memory and HT technology). Thermal design power 82 Watts
with 70 degree C max case temp. 512K L2 cache.
Apr 22: AMD releases long awaited Opteron 240 (1.4 GHz), 242 (1.6 GHz), and
244 (1.8 GHz). 128K L1 cache (64K data, 64K inst); 1 MB L2 cache,
full SSE-2 extensions, and obviously, new 64 bit instructions
and registers. 130 nm SOI process. Heat dissipation is about 85 W.
Integrated memory controller supports 100 MHz DDR200 PC-1600 DIMMs,
133 MHz DDR266 PC-2100 DIMMs, and 166 MHz DDR333 PC-2700 DIMMs.
Supports DIMM sizes up to 4 GB. Hypertransport allows 6.4 GB/s.
Benchmarks are mixed, but generally show performance
on par or better than the high-end Intel Pentium-4 chips.
Tech doc is here.
Apr 17: 2003Q1 PC Market, Global: (shipments in thousands)
Q1 2003 Q1 2002 Growth
Vendor Shipments Mkt Share Shipments Mkt Share (02-03)
------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Dell 5,989 17.3% 4,804 14.2% 24.7%
2. HP 5,455 15.8% 2,412 7.1% 126.1%
2. HP(merged) 5,455 15.8% 5,783 17.1% -5.7%
3. IBM 1,870 5.4% 1,837 5.4% 1.8%
4. Fujitsu 1,658 4.8% 1,629 4.8% 1.8%
5. Toshiba 1,270 3.7% 1,098 3.2% 15.6%
Others 18,375 53.1% 22,114 65.2% -16.9%
Total 34,617 33,895 2.1%
Reference: idc.com
2003Q1 PC Market, U.S.: (shipments in thousands)
Q1 2003 Q1 2002 Growth
Vendor Shipments Mkt Share Shipments Mkt Share (02-03)
------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Dell 3,726 31.8% 3,012 26.0% 23.7%
2. HP 2,283 19.5% 1,086 9.4% 110.2%
2. HP(merged) 2,283 19.5% 2,345 20.3% -2.6%
3. IBM 568 4.8% 574 5.0% -1.0%
4. Gateway 506 4.3% 645 5.6% -21.6%
5. Toshiba 380 3.2% 307 2.7% 23.9%
Others 4,271 36.4% 5,940 51.4% -28.1%
Total 11,734 11,563 1.5%
Reference: idc.com
Apr 14: Intel releases "P4C" w/800 MHz bus and 875P Chipset to support it.
Core bus speed is 200 MHz. Uses 400 MHz DDR PC3200 memory.
Intel's press release.
875P Chipset Page.
Mar 13: Intel releases Centrino mobile computing platform. This includes
the new "Banias" (Pentium-M) processor and an accompanying chipset
that has built-in wireless capability.
The Pentium-M dissipates from 4 W at 600 MHz to 24 W at 1.6 GHz.
Intel's press release.
Intel's Pentium-M Product Overview.
Mar 12: AMD announces AMD Athlon XP-M for mobile computing.
1400+ - 1800+ (ultra low voltage)
2000+ - 2600+ (low voltage)
266 MHz FSB, 0.13 micron process.
No details on power dissipations.
AMD's press release.
Feb 25: Intel Xeon (P4) 3.06 GHz officially released.
12K/8K code/data L1 cache; 512K L2 cache
604-pin socket. 533 MHz FSB. ~ 1.4 Vcc.
85 W design power, 101 W max power, 73 deg C max case temp.
Intel's Xeon web page (click on "Datasheets" link).
Feb 10: Athlon XP 3000+ "Model 10" released with Barton core, 2.167 GHz.
512KB L2 cache, 128 KB L1 cache (64K data, 64K instruction)
333 MHz FSB. AMD claims performance gain of up to 17%.
1.65 V core, 58.4 W typical power diss, 74.3 W max power diss.
85 deg C max die temp.
AMD's Technical Document on the Athlon XP 3000+
2003 YEAR START
PROCESSORS:
From Intel's Price List and Pricewatch main page summary:
P4 @ 3.06 GHz w/512K cache, 0.13 um process, 533 MHz FSB: $637
P4 @ 2.80 GHz w/512K cache, 0.13 um process, 533 MHz FSB: $401
P4 @ 2.66 GHz w/512K cache, 0.13 um process, 533 MHz FSB: $305
P4 @ 2.60 GHz w/512K cache, 0.13 um process, 533 MHz FSB: $305
...
P4 @ 2.26 GHz w/512K cache, 0.13 um process, 533 MHz FSB: $193
P4 @ 2.20 GHz w/512K cache, 0.13 um process, 400 MHz FSB: $193
Athlon XP 2700 333 0.13 um process, $324
Athlon XP 2600 333 0.13 um process, $274
Athlon XP 2400 0.13 um process, $173
...
Athlon XP 1500 $51
Athlon MP 2400 $233
P-III 1.4 GHz $205
P-III 1 GHz $97
Intel claiming they will get to an 800 MHz FSB this year and
possibly have "Prescott" (P5?) out on a 90 nm process late this year.
DDR is the dominant memory, though RDRAM is still quite popular.
DDR-333 supported by many motherboards. RDRAM speed at PC1066.
Dual Channel DDR starting to take hold with new Intel chipset.
AMD Athlon @ XP2800+ (2.?? GHz)
AMD claiming the Opteron will be out this year (H1) at 2 GHz.
Apple's flagship system is a Dual G4 at 1.25 GHz w/DDR266-SDRAM.
MEMORY: (Pricewatch main page listings)
PC3700 DDR 512MB $193 SDRAM PC150 512MB $70 RDRAM PC1066 512MB $182
PC3500 DDR 512MB $147 SDRAM PC150 256MB $40 RDRAM PC1066 256MB $91
PC3500 DDR 256MB $85 SDRAM PC150 128MB $20 RDRAM PC1066 128MB $48
PC3200 DDR 512MB $116 SDRAM PC133 1GB $124 RDRAM PC800 512MB $129
PC3200 DDR 256MB $55 SDRAM PC133 512MB $40 RDRAM PC800 256MB $65
PC3000 DDR 512MB $121 SDRAM PC133 256MB $25 RDRAM PC800 128MB $34
PC3000 DDR 256MB $64 SDRAM PC133 128MB $14
PC2700 DDR 1GB $360 SDRAM PC100 2GB $421
PC2700 DDR 512MB $97 SDRAM PC100 1GB $113
PC2700 DDR 256MB $48 SDRAM PC100 512MB $40
DISPLAYS:
15" flat panels very popular now. As low as $240 on pricegrabber.com.
(Viewsonic's least expensive averages around $350).
17" flat panels quite affordable: As low as $330 on pricegrabber.com.
(Viewsonic's least expensive averages around $500).
20" flat panels with 1600 x 1200 resolution as low as $999! (Dell special).
(Viewsonic's least expensive averages around $1400).
19" CRT as low as $210. Viewsonic's least expensive averages $240.
STORAGE:
200 GB 7200 RPM ATA/100: Low as $275
250 GB 5400 RPM ATA/133 (Maxtor): Low as $409
160 GB 7200 RPM: Low as $240
120 GB 7200 RPM: Low as $140
80 GB 7200 RPM: Low as $91
Sustained HD transfer rates ~36 MB/s.
CD-ROM: Fastest speed: 56x ~$30
CD-RW: Fastest speed: 48x/24x/48x, ~ $60 average
DVD-ROM: Fastest speed @ 16X, ~$45.
DVD formats duking it out: -R, -RW, +RW, +R
Pioneer DVR-A05, 4x DVD-R, 2x DVD-RW, ~ $280
HP 200i DVD+R/+RW, 2.4x on both, ~$300
Sony has combo DVD-RW/-R/+RW/+R drive.
DVD+R at 4x just coming out for +R and +RW.
Philips has chipset with 8x+R and 4x+RW.
O/S:
Google Zeitgeist January 2003 numbers:
Browsers O/S
MSIE 6.0 49% Win 98 37%
MSIE 5.0 18% Win XP 26%
MSIE 5.5 18% Win 2K 20%
Netscape 5.x+ 3% Win NT 5%
Netscape 4.x+ 2% Mac 4%
MSIE 4.0 1% Win 95 3%
Other 9% Linux 1%
Other 4%
Windows XP still dominating MS sales
Apple: OS X 10.2 (Jaguar)
Redhat: Redhat Linux 8.0 (gcc 3.2, Mingw 2.0.0)
USB-2 now standard in new motherboards. Inexpensive adapters available.
Fire-wire 2 (twice the Firewire rate==> 80 MB/sec) out in new Apple powerbook.
Kazaa.com and Morpheus.com popular for swapping MP3 files.
Most CD players play MP3's.
Nanocubic technology from Fujifilm not mentioned in over a year.
|
Jan 7: P4 @ 2.2 GHz (0.13 um) (Northwood core) $560
400 MHz FSB, 12KI/8KD L1 cache, 512K L2 cache, 130 nm,
55 million transistors.
Jan 8: P-3 @ 1.4 GHz, 130 nm, 44m xsistors, 512KB ATC, 133 MHz bus.
(geared towards ultra-dense servers).
Q1 2002 Market share: Apple=3.5% (Rank=6), Dell=26% (Rank=1), U.S.A.
Apple=2.4% (Rank=9), Dell=14.3% (Rank=1), World.
Apr 2: P-4 Northwood @ 2.4 GHz, 400 MHz FSB, 130 nm.
May 6: P-4 w/533 MHz FSB @ 2.266, 2.4, and 2.533 GHz.
2002 Q2 Numbers (published November 8, 2002)
Source: Here at iviewresearch.com.
Their sources: gartner.com (more specific)
U.S. PC Shipments (Total shipments = 10660 in Q2 2001; 10576 in Q2 2002)
Vendor Q2 2001 Q2 2002 Change(in absolute shipments)
---------------------------------------
Dell 23.7% 27.7% 15.8%
HP 21.4% 18.4% -14.6%
IBM 6.1% 6.3% 2.6%
Gateway 7.5% 6.2% -18.4%
Apple 4.3% 4.3% -1.1%
Others 37.0% 37.2% -0.4%
---------------------------------------
Total -0.8%
World PC Shipments (Total shipments = 30081 in Q2 2001; 29895 in Q2 2002)
Vendor Q2 2001 Q2 2002 Change(in absolute shipments)
---------------------------------------
HP 18.3% 15.5% -16.1%
Dell 13.1% 14.9% 13.1%
IBM 7.1% 6.6% -8.6%
NEC 3.8% 3.5% -8.9%
Toshiba 2.8% 3.0% 5.5%
Sony 2.2% 2.8% 23.5%
Others 52.5% 53.8% 1.7%
---------------------------------------
Total -0.6%
Aug 21: AMD Athlon 2600+ shipping. 2.13 GHz, 256 KB L2 cache, 266 MHz bus.
Thoroughbred "B" core (9 layers compared to 8 layer "A" core).
84 mm^2. 37.6 million transistors. 130nm copper process.
Aug 26: P4 @ 2.8 GHz w/533 MHz FSB. 68.4 W thermal design power.
75 deg C maximum case temperature.
Sept 16: P-3M @ 1.26, 1.33 GHz.
Ultra-low voltage P-3M @ 866/400 MHz, < 0.5 W dissipation.
130 nm, 55m xsistors, 512KB ATC, 1.1V max perf, 0.95V opt.
Oct 1: AMD Athlon 2800+ (2.25 GHz) and 2700+ (2.16 GHz) announced
w/333 MHz FSB. Same core as Athlon 2600+.
2700+ is 62 W typical, 68.3 W max, 85 deg C max die temp.
Nov 14: P4 w/Hyperthreading @ 3.06 GHz, 533 MHz FSB,
8 KB L1 cache, 12 KB L1 instruction, 512 KB L2 cache,
130 nm copper process, 1.525 V, 55 million transistors
on 131 mm^2. 81.8 W thermal design power. 69 deg C
maximum case temperature.
Year start
PROCESSORS
==========
Prices are first page pricewatch averages
P4 @ 2.2 GHz (0.13 um) (Northwood) $560 (news on excite.com, 1-7-01)
P4 @ 2.0 GHz (0.18 um): $416 (50 entries)
P4 @ 1.4 GHz (0.18 um): $137 (39 entries)
AMD XP 2000+ (1667 MHz) (0.18 um): $347 (13 entries), $339 on excite.com
AMD Athlon 900 MHz (0.18 um?): $56 (23 entries)
P3 @ 1.26 GHz (0.13 um): $279 (10 entries)
P3 @ 667 MHz (0.18 um): $90 (16 entries)
G4 @ 867 MHz, G5 just ready to come out.
Big Apple announcement on 1-7-2001.
MEMORY
======
DDR-SDRAM seems to be winning out over RDRAM for memory supremacy.
JC page RDRAM 800 MHz @ 512 MB = $185, 256 MB = $72, 128 MB = $31
DDR PC2100 @ 512 MB = $120, 256 MB = $56, 128 MB = $28
DDR PC2700 @ 256 MB = $79
PC133 SDRAM @ 512 MB = $65, 256 MB = $32, 128 MB = $18
PC150 SDRAM @ 512 MB = $92, 256 MB = $44, 128 MB = $26
DDR motherboards more common, 133 MHz motherboards still very common.
P4 seems to be in process of switching from RDRAM to DDR-SDRAM.
P4 boards still @ 400 MHz w/RDRAM. Athlons still @ 133/266 MHz.
DISPLAYS
========
15" 1024x768 flat panel range from $300 - $600 on shopper.com.
18" 1280x1024 flat panel range from $750 - $1300 on shopper.com.
20" flat panels around $2K.
CRT: 19" range from $180 - $650 with median at about $300.
STORAGE
=======
Hard drives: ATA-133 standard is out.
Lowest price/GB = $1.66 for 5400 RPM, $2 for 7200 RPM
40 GB for $77 (best price)
60 GB for $100 (best price)
120 GB for $215 (best price)
160 GB for $275 (Maxtor max size)
60 GB @ 7200 RPM for $120
IBM 75 GB 7200 RPM drive for $240
SCSI 18 GB for $230
SCSI 36 GB for $400
CD drives: (pricegrabber.com)
CD-ROM's at about 56X (common) starting at $30
CD-RW best speed: 24x10x40 ($100 - $280, median $180)
DVD at 10X from $130 - $195$a
Pioneer DVR-AO3 (DVR-drive) @ $380 lowest price
Sony DVD+RW 2.4X @ $520 lowest price
HP DVD+RW 2.4X @ $530 lowest price
O/S
===
Google Zeitgeist January 2002 numbers:
Browsers O/S
MSIE 5.0 31% Win 98 50%
MSIE 5.5 29% Win 2K 17%
MSIE 6.0 25% Win XP 9%
Netscape 4.x 9% Win NT 9%
MSIE 4.0 3% Win 95 6%
Other 3% Mac 4%
Linux 1%
Other 4%
Microsoft: Windows XP, Windows 2000 SP-2 (Windows activation causing
concerns)
Apple: OS X 10.1
Redhat: Redhat Linux 7.2
Market Share ("PC Shipments")
=============================
Source: digitimes.com "A look back at the 2001 desktop market"
2000 2001 2002* (forecast)
---------------------------------------------------------------
Notebook shipments 24M 26M 28M
Desktop shipments 113M 106M 112M
Other
=====
USB-2 didn't catch on quite yet--not standard in motherboards. Web site
promises 2002 will be the big year for USB-2. Firewire gained a lot of
momentum in 2001.
MP3 duking it out with Microsoft's .WMA, and music industry trying to
copy-protect CD's.
Nano-cubic storage technology just emerging from Fujifilm. Allows
3 GB floppies and 1 TB tapes.
|
Jan 30: Ultra-low voltage concept introduced.
P-3 @ 500 MHz, 130 nm, 44m xsistors, 256K ATC, < 0.5 W @ 300 MHz.
Mar 1: Server Market Share (Gartner Group)
2001 2000 1999
------------------------------
IBM 29.0% 25.5% 28.3%
Sun 15.4% 18.1% 14.0%
Compaq 13.9% 16.0% 14.0%
HP 12.8% 13.3% 14.4%
Dell 6.4% 6.4% 4.1%
Apr 23: P-4 @ 1.7 GHz, 180 nm
May: Itanium @ 733, 800 MHz, 180 nm, 25m xsistors, 2MB and 4MB L3 cache
Jul 2: P-4 @ 1.6, 1.8 GHz, 180 nm
Jul 30: P-3M @ 866, 933 MHz, 130 nm, 28m xsistors, 512K on-die L2 cache.
P-3M @ 1, 1.06, 1.13 GHz, 130 nm, 44m xsistors.
Aug 27: P-4 @ 1.9, 2.0 GHz, 180 nm
Aug 27: P-4A @ 2.0 GHz, 130 nm, 55m xsistors, 512K ATC, 400 MHz bus
August 2001: Apple ships Jaguar (OS/X 10.2)
2001 Q3 Numbers:
Source: http://technews.netscape.com/news/0-1006-200-7562716.html
(original source Gartner Dataquest, which now charges for their reports)
United States World Wide
------------- ----------
Dell 25.0% (+27.0%) Dell 13.8% (+23.2%)
Compaq 12.5% (-19.4%) Compaq 10.4% (-20.6%)
HP 8.8% (-19.3%) IBM 6.6% (-8.3%)
Gateway 7.4% (-22.1%) HP 6.4% (-16.9%)
IBM 6.3% (+12.5%) NEC 3.4% (-26.0%)
Other 40.0% (+2.8%) Other 59.4% (+5.9%)
Total units: 10.9 million (-19%) Total units: 30.6 million (-12%)
* Numbers in parentheses represent change from Q3 2000
(percent change in MARKET SHARE except for total unit changes)
Oct 1: P-3M @ 1.2 MHz
Oct 2001: Intel Q3 market share: 86.8%, AMD: 11.6%.
Oct 2001: Microsoft Windows XP sales hit 67 million.
Somewhere this year I saw an article that Dell had, I believe, about
twice the market share of Apple in the education market (26% vs. 13%?).
2001 Q4 Numbers:
Source: digitimes.com "Global PC market showing signs of recovery"
Global PC sales by company (million units)
4Q 3Q 4Q
2001 Mkt 2001 Mkt Q/Q 2000 Mkt Y/Y
sales shr sales shr grth sales shr grth
(M) (%) (M) (%) (%) (M) (%) (%)
---------------------------------------------------------------
Dell 4.73 13.3 4.20 13.8 12.7 4.12 11.2 15
Compaq 3.95 11.1 3.20 10.5 23.2 4.69 12.7 (15.7)
HP 2.75 7.8 1.994 6.6 38.2 2.9 7.9 (5.1)
IBM 2.10 5.9 1.988 6.5 5.7 2.68 7.3 (21.7)
NEC 1.32 3.7 0.97 3.2 36.5 1.53 4.1 (13.6)
Acer 0.996 2.8 0.81 2.6 23.6 1.12 3.0 (10.7)
Sony 0.96 2.7 0.53 1.7 81.3 0.70 1.9 37.3
Fujitsu/Siemens 0.95 2.7 0.657 2.2 44.3 0.996 2.7 (4.8)
Toshiba 0.895 2.5 0.865 2.8 3.5 0.96 2.6 (6.8)
Apple 0.742 2.1 0.842 2.8 (12) 0.67 1.8 10.3
Others 16.08 45.3 14.35 47.2 12 16.53 44.8 (2.7)
Total 35.48 100 30.41 100 16.7 36.89 100 (3.8)
Apple 2001 avg share = 2.5%
Source: http://www.newsfactor.com/perl/story/17837.html
2001 Year start
PROCESSORS
==========
Prices are first page pricewatch averages
P4 @ 1.5, 1.4 GHz
$920 $645
AMD Thunderbird @1200, 1100, 1000, 950, 900, 850, 800, 750, 700 MHz
$288, $223, $176, $163, $139, $124, $108, $97, $93
P3 @ 1000 933 866 850 800 800 750 733 700 667 650 MHz
$451 $320 $221 $217 $181 $185 $166 $165 $145 $135 $139
G4 still @ 500 MHz!
MEMORY
======
DDR-DRAM and DRDRAM battling it out for memory supremacy.
JC page RDRAM @ 256 MB, 600, 700, 800 MHz = $431, $393, $487
RDRAM @ 128 MB, 600, 700, 800 MHz = $163, $217, $167
DDR @ 256 MB, PC1600, PC2100 = $392, $404
DDR @ 128 MB, PC1600, PC2100 = $215, $180
PC133 Generic @ 128 MB, 256 MB = $39, $79
Valueram.com prices
RDRAM @ 256 MB = $880 (same price for all clock speeds)
RDRAM @ 128 MB = $460 (same price all clocks)
DDR (listed, but no prices or availability yet.)
PC133 @ 128 MB, 256 MB = $114, $245
Memoryx.com prices
PC133 @ 128 MB, 256 MB = $69, $129 (lowest)
Common motherboard speed 133 MHz. P4 board @ 400 MHz w/RDRAM.
Athlon boards just coming out at 133/266 MHz with DDR-DRAM.
DISPLAYS
========
Flat panel: 15" 1024x768 mostly @ $800-$900 but some as low as $600.
18" 1280x1024 mean seems to be around $2200.
One vendor selling IBM 18" display for $1500 (close-out).
CRT: 19" mean (lowest) price around $400 on shopper.com.
STORAGE
=======
Hard drives: ATA-100 standard is out.
Lowest $/GB = $2.90 for 5400 RPM, $5 for 7200 RPM
45 GB for $130 (best price)
80 GB for $280 (Maxtor max size)
40 GB @ 7200 RPM for $200
IBM 75 GB 7200 RPM drive for $425
Seagate max: 40 GB. Western Dig. Max: 45 GB.
CD drives: CD-ROM @ 72X about $85. Lowest prices at $35 on egghead.com.
CD-RW best speed: 32x12x10x ($350)
bargain price: $135 (32x8x4x), egghead, creative labs
DVD up to 12x, w/creative labs 12x for $87 @ egghead.com.
O/S
===
Google Zeitgeist January 2001 numbers:
Browsers O/S
MSIE 5.0 43% Win 98 50%
MSIE 5.5 24% Win NT 23%
Netscape 4.x 15% Win 95 15%
MSIE 4.0 8% Mac 6%
Other 10% Linux 2%
Other 4%
Microsoft: Windows 2000 SP-1, Windows Me
Apple: OS 9 (OS X due in February 2001)
HP: HPUX 11.X
Sun: Solaris 8.X
Redhat: Redhat Linux 7.0
Other
=====
USB devices are ubiquitous. Legacy ports almost useless.
USB-2 just starting to be seen in real commercial hardware.
|
Year start: P-III @ 733 MHz, AMD Athlon @ 750 MHz, G4 @ 500 MHz.
Max HD size: Approx 72 GB. IDE 37 GB for $290.
Flat panel displays: 15" 1024x768 ~$1000, 18" 1280x1024 ~$2500
19" CRT's average price ~$500
Windows 2000 (February)
Mar 8: P-III @ 1 GHz (yeah, right!), 180 nm
Mar 20: P-III @ 866, 850 MHz
May 24: P-III @ 933 MHz
June 19: Low-voltage concept introduced at Intel. Speedstep introduced.
P-3 @ 600/500 MHz, 180 nm, 28m xsistors, 256K ATC, 100 MHz bus
1.1 V, < 1 W battery optimized dissipation.
2000 Q3 Numbers
Market Share ("PC Shipments")
=============================
Source: http://www.dataquest.com/dq/static/about/press/pr-b10232000a.html
(dataquest.com press room)
United States World Wide
------------- ----------
Dell 19.7% (+2.2)* Compaq 13.1% (-0.2)*
Compaq 15.5% (+0.3) Dell 11.2% (+0.6)
HP 10.9% (+2.5) HP 7.7% (+1.3)
Gateway 9.5% (+0.2) IBM 7.2% (-0.5)
IBM 5.6% (-2.1) NEC 4.6% (-0.5)
Apple 4.4% (+0.5) Gateway 4.2% (-0.1)
Other 34.5% (-3.4) Other 51.9% (-0.8)
Total units: 13,230,000 Total units: 33,931,000
Total 1999 units: 11,791,000 Total 1999 units: 29,460,000
*Parentheses show change in market share points from 1999 Q3.
Nov 20: P-4 @ 1.4, 1.5 GHz, 180 nm, 42m xsistors, 256KB ATC, 400 MHz bus
|
Linux becomes very popular (Redhat 6.1)
USB becomes very popular. Firewire catching on.
CDRW becomes very popular, DVD drives are standard option.
Windows 98 release 2
G4 (MC7400) @ 400 MHz
Pentium III @ 0.18 micron (Coppermine), 500 MHz - 733 MHz.
AMD Athlon @ 500 - 750 MHz.
Jan 7: P-MMX @ 300 MHz, 250 nm (mobile)
Feb 26: Pentium III @ 450, 500 MHz, 250 nm, 9.5m xsistors, 100 MHz bus
May 17: P-III @ 550 MHz
June 14: P-II @ 400 MHz, 180 nm, 27.4m xsistors, 256KB on-die cache (mobile)
1.5 V, 7.5 W dissipation.
Aug 2: P-III @ 600 MHz
Oct 25: P-III @ 180 nm, 28m xsistors, 256KB advanced transfer cache (ATC)
100 and 133 MHz bus
500, 533, 550, 600, 650, 667, 700, 733 MHz
|
Hard drives: IBM Deskstar 16GP up to 16 GB, 5400 RPM, 5.6 GB/platter
UltraATA/33, 9.5 MB/s.
Windows 98
Jan 12: P-MMX @ 266 MHz, 250 nm (mobile)
Jan 26: P-II @ 333 MHz, 250 nm process, 66 MHz bus speed, 512KB L2 on-die
Apr 2: P-II mobile, 233, 266 MHz, 250 nm, 1.7 V, 7.5 and 8.6 W dissipation.
Apr 15: P-II @ 350, 400 MHz, 250 nm, 100 MHz bus.
Aug 24: P-II @ 450 MHz, 250 nm.
|
Jan 8: Pentium MMX @ 166, 200 MHz, 350 nm, 4.5m xsistors
May 7: Pentium II @ 233, 266, 300 MHz.
7.5 million xsistors, 350 nm core. MMX built-in.
512KB on-die cache.
June 2: Pentium MMX @ 233 MHz, 350 nm.
Aug 18: Pentium Pro @ 200 MHz, 350 nm, 1 MB on-die L2 cache.
Sept 9: Pentium MMX @ 200, 233 MHz, 250 nm, 4.5m xsistors (mobile)
|
Hard drives: Quantum Fireball ST 5400 RPM up to 6.4 GB, 1.6 GB/platter.
UltraATA/33. Transfer speed 7.6 MB/s.
Windows NT 4.0 (same interface as Windows 95)
(NT 4.0 pretty much spells the end for IBM's OS/2, which has been
on the decline for some time.)
Jan 4: Pentium @ 150, 166 MHz, 350 nm
June 10: Pentium @ 166, 200 MHz, 350 nm
|
3.5" hard drives reach 4 GB.
Windows 95 (August) smaller 32-bit O/S specific to 80386.
June: Pentium @ 133 MHz, 350 nm process, 3.3m xsistors
Mar 27: Pentium @ 120 MHz, 600/350 nm process. 3.2m xsistors
Nov 1: Pentium-Pro @ 150,166,180,200 MHz. 350 nm and 600 nm, 5.5m xsistors.
256/512KB on-die cache.
|
Mar 7: 80486DX-4 @75, 100 MHz, 600 nm process, 1.6 million xsistors
256KB L2 cache
Mar 7: Pentium @ 90, 100 MHz, 600 nm, 3.2m xsistors.
Oct 10: Pentium @ 75 MHz, 600 nm, 3.2m xsistors.
|
Mar 22: Pentium @ 60 MHz, 66 MHz, 3.1 million xsistors, 800 nm process. Windows NT released (July) First 32-bit O/S from Microsoft. |
3.5" hard drives reach 1 GB.
IBM releases OS/2 2.1 (?)
Windows 3.1 (April) w/Truetype, multimedia, OLE, common dialogues.
Ran only in protected mode. Required minimum 80286.
World Wide Web is born(??)
Mar 3: 80486DX-2 @ 50 MHz, 800 nm process, 1.2 million xsistors
Aug 10: 80486DX-2 @ 66 MHz, 256KB L2 cache
Sept 21: 80486SX @ 33 MHz, 800 nm process, 900k xsistors (fewer than 1micron?)
Oct 26: 80386SX @ 25 and 33 MHz (1 micron)
Nov 9: 80486SL @ 20, 25, 33 MHz, 800 nm, 1.4 million xsistors.
|
Maxtor 3524 RPM hard drives up to 130 MB, 26 MB per platter, IDE
0.7 MB/sec transfer speed.
(?) IBM releases OS/2 1.0, a fully 32-bit PC Operating System
June 24: 80486DX @ 50 MHz, 0.8 microns
Sept 16: 80486SX @ 16, 20, 25 MHz, 1 micron, 1.185 million xsistors
(same as DX but no math coprocessor)
Sept 30: 80386SL @ 25 MHz.
|
3.5" hard drives up to 320 MB.
Windows 3.0 (May) = merge of Win/286 and Win/386.
Supported protected mode with access to 16 MB RAM.
First version to become common to many desktops.
IBM & Microsoft split (Sept)
May 7: 80486DX @ 33 MHz (1 micron)
Oct 15: 80386SL for portables, 20 MHz, 1 micron, 855k xsistors
|
Jan 25: 80386SX @ 20 MHz
April 10: 80486DX introduced w/1.2 million transistors @ 25 MHz.
1 micron process.
April 10: 80386DX @ 33 MHz, 1 micron.
|
SyQuest removable 40 MB cartridge drives. Windows 2.1 (= Windows/286) Windows/386 can multitask DOS apps. O/S 2 ver 1.1 (grahpical presentation manager) Intel 80386SX @ 16, 20, 25, 33 MHz. 1 micron process. April 4: 80386DX @ 25 MHz. 1 micron process(?) June 16: 80386SX @ 16 MHz. 1 micron process |
Windows 2.0 released (Nov) had overlapping windows rather than tiled. O/S 2 ver 1.0 (character mode only) 68030(?) Feb 16: 80386DX @ 20 MHz |
Amiga 1000 Mac II (?) |
Windows 1.0 released (Nov)
October 17, 1985: 80386 @ 16 MHz introduced. (would eventually reach 33 MHz)
275k xsistors, 1.5 micron process. 32-bits.
|
Apple Macintosh (Jan) IBM PC-AT (80286) The original IBM PC-AT supported hard drive sizes up to 112 MB. |
IBM PC-XT w/10 MB hard disk. Apple II in its hey-day TRS-80 Model III 2 MHz Z-80 Apple Lisa (Jan) 68000 Windows 1.0 (November) announced by Microsoft |
80186 @ 10 MHz, 12 MHz. Similar to 80286, but used mostly in controller
applications.
February: 80286 @ 6 MHz. Would eventually reach 12.5 MHz.
Clones would reach 16 MHz, as I recall.
134k xsistors, 1.5 microns, 3-6X the performance of 8086.
|
Fall: IBM PC reaches the market with a 4.77 MHz 8088, MS-DOS, 64 KiB RAM (first shipped with 16 KiB), and 160 KiB floppies. |
8088 Microprocessor @ 5, 8 MHz, 3 microns, 29k xsistors |
TRS-80 Model I, Apple. 8086 16-bit Microprocessor @ 5, 8, 10 MHz, 3 microns/29k xsistors 10x the performance of the 8008. |
March: 8085 introduced, 3 microns, 6500 xsistors. |
April: 8080 8-bit Microprocessor @ 2 MHz, 6 microns/6000 xsistors |
April: 8008 8-bit Microprocessor @ 200 KHz, 10 microns/3500 xsistors Data/character manipulation. |
1971 Nov 15: 4004 4-bit Microprocessor @ 108 KHz, 10 microns/2300 xsistors First microcomputer chip, arithmetic manipulation. |
|
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This page last modified Saturday, 14-Aug-2010 10:45:54 CDT |
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